Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of recognizing, respecting, and adapting to urban development laws for effective city management [1] - Marx and Engels analyzed the role of cities in enhancing human production and living standards, highlighting that cities are aggregations of population, production tools, capital, enjoyment, and demand [1][2] - The ideal city must ensure basic living material security and promote the comprehensive development of individuals, addressing urban issues such as overpopulation and environmental pollution [2] Group 2 - Marx and Engels argued that the movement of the proletariat is for the benefit of the majority, which is crucial in urban development [3] - They identified the elimination of the urban-rural divide as a primary condition for community development, which requires material prerequisites and cannot be achieved solely by will [3] - The Chinese Communist Party has consistently prioritized urban issues throughout its revolutionary and reform processes, adapting theories of urban development to historical contexts [4] Group 3 - The leadership of the Chinese Communist Party has emphasized the unique and systematic nature of urban reform, recognizing the complexities of urban environments compared to rural areas [4] - Since the 18th National Congress, the central leadership has placed urban work at the forefront of governance, addressing fundamental questions about urban construction and development [4]