Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements in in vitro maturation (IVM) technology, particularly the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) to improve the success rates of egg maturation and pregnancy outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies [4][5][6]. Group 1: Challenges in Infertility Treatment - Over 10% of the reproductive-age population globally faces infertility issues, with conditions like endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome contributing to significant physical and economic burdens [9]. - Traditional in vitro fertilization (IVF) requires high doses of hormones, which can lead to complications such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), especially in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome [9]. Group 2: Innovation in Stem Cell Technology - The recent study by Gameto utilized hiPSC technology to differentiate into ovarian support cells (OSC), significantly enhancing the success rates of IVM and clinical pregnancy rates [5][11]. - The OSC product, named Fertilo, was developed through the regulation of three key transcription factors, creating a supportive microenvironment for egg maturation [11][12]. Group 3: Clinical Research Results - Clinical trials showed that using Fertilo's OSC-IVM technology increased egg maturation rates from 52% to 70%, and the clinical pregnancy rate reached 41%, compared to 20% in the traditional IVM group [14]. - The Fertilo group successfully delivered 8 healthy babies, while the traditional IVM group only had 2, demonstrating the potential of hiPSC-derived OSC to improve egg maturation quality and pregnancy outcomes [14]. Group 4: Technical Advantages and Safety - Fertilo's OSC can dynamically respond to the developmental needs of eggs, unlike traditional IVM culture environments [17]. - Safety measures ensure that OSC cells are completely removed before embryo transfer, with genetic testing confirming no residual OSC cells or genetic material in the transferred embryos [17]. Group 5: Future Application Prospects - Fertilo is particularly suitable for high-risk groups for OHSS, such as patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, and offers a safer, more efficient option for cancer patients needing fertility preservation [19]. - As larger clinical trials are conducted, Fertilo has the potential to provide new hope for more couples facing infertility, marking a significant advancement in reproductive medicine and the clinical application of stem cell technology [20].