体检血脂"正常"也可能高危？医生：控脂目标需"量体裁衣" 中新网上海1月28日电 (杨海燕 李秋莹)血脂化验单上显示结果在正常参考范围内，是否就意味着"安 全"？"这是一个需要引起关注的认知误区。"同济大学附属同济医院心血管内科副主任医师严文文近日 在接受记者采访时表示，由于个体心血管风险差异巨大，所谓的"正常"范围并非人人适用，低密度脂蛋 白(LDL-C)的控制目标必须"量体裁衣"，实施分层管理。 伴随生活方式的改变及健康意识的提升，血脂异常已非中老年人"专利"，在年轻群体中的检出率也逐年 上升。严文文介绍，面对化验单上多项指标，公众应重点关注"坏胆固醇"(低密度脂蛋白)和甘油三酯。 其中，低密度脂蛋白是动脉粥样硬化发生、发展的关键致病性危险因素，与心肌梗死、脑梗死等严重心 脑血管事件的风险明确相关。甘油三酯水平若显著升高(通常指＞5.6 mmol/L)，其主要风险在于可能诱 发急性胰腺炎。而高密度脂蛋白是"好胆固醇"，能将血液中多余的胆固醇运回肝脏代谢。 严文文强调，尤其需要澄清一个核心观念：低密度脂蛋白的控制目标并非一成不变。其理想水平需根据 每个人的心血管疾病总体风险来"个体化"设定。例如，对于无吸烟 ...

Core Viewpoint - Cholesterol is essential for life and not as harmful as commonly perceived, with significant roles in metabolism, hormone synthesis, and brain health [1][2]. Group 1: Cholesterol's Role in Health - Cholesterol is vital for cell metabolism and hormone synthesis, with 30% of the brain composed of cholesterol [1]. - A deficiency in cholesterol can lead to brain atrophy, memory decline, and impaired cell function [1]. - Cholesterol is necessary for the synthesis of adrenal hormones, sex hormones, and vitamin D, which is crucial for bone health [1]. Group 2: Misconceptions About Dietary Cholesterol - Concerns about dietary cholesterol, particularly from eggs, are often overstated; consuming eggs does not significantly raise cholesterol levels [2]. - Blood lipid tests conducted in a fasting state primarily reflect endogenous cholesterol synthesized by the liver, not dietary cholesterol [2]. - High carbohydrate intake in vegetarian diets can lead to increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, contrary to the belief that reducing dietary cholesterol will lower LDL [2]. Group 3: Dietary Recommendations - For individuals with elevated LDL who require medication, dietary adjustments can enhance treatment efficacy [3]. - Recommendations include consuming one whole egg daily, moderate intake of lean meats, and occasional consumption of animal liver [3]. - A balanced diet should include quality proteins and fats, such as deep-sea fish, milk, soy products, olive oil, and nuts, while managing fruit and carbohydrate intake [3].