Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the risks associated with sudden intense physical activity, particularly for individuals with underlying heart conditions, as illustrated by two cases of acute myocardial infarction in 38-year-old fathers after engaging in sports activities. Group 1: Incidents and Medical Analysis - Two 38-year-old fathers experienced acute myocardial infarction after engaging in intense physical activity, specifically playing badminton for about 10 minutes, leading to severe chest pain and hospitalization [1] - Medical experts indicate that intense exercise can lead to the rupture of unstable plaques in the heart, resulting in significant coronary artery blockage [1] Group 2: Risk Factors and Recommendations - Individuals with pre-existing heart conditions or risk factors should avoid sudden and intense exercise, as it can trigger acute myocardial infarction [6] - Recommendations for preventing exercise-induced heart issues include: 1. Conducting cardiovascular risk screenings annually, especially for those with a family history of heart disease or other risk factors [8] 2. Planning a gradual exercise regimen, starting with low-intensity activities and progressively increasing intensity [9] 3. Preparing adequately before and after exercise to avoid sudden stress on the heart [9]

转自：北京日报客户端 寒冷的冬季是心血管疾病的高发季节。阿司匹林这款常用药也成为很多老年人预防心血管疾病的选择。 阿司匹林的主要适应症是什么？适合长期大量服用吗？是否会带来一些副作用？ 中国医学科学院阜外医院心内科医生刘凯告诉记者，阿司匹林的应用历史很长，最初作为解热镇痛和抗 炎药物应用于临床。后来发现它能够抑制血小板聚集，因而具有良好的预防血栓形成的作用。目前已作 为一种标准治疗药物，被广泛应用于冠心病、脑血管病、外周血管狭窄等各种动脉粥样硬化性疾病的治 疗和预防中。 他表示，针对具体患者，仍需在充分评估的基础上给予个体化的策略，例如调整阿司匹林的应用疗程与 剂量，或必要时考虑其他替代药物（例如氯吡格雷、吲哚布芬等），尽可能减少其出血风险。 梅奥诊所说，对于大多数成年人来说，偶尔服用一两片阿司匹林来缓解头痛、身体疼痛或发烧通常是安 全的。但如果身体健康，没有心脏病或中风病史，每日服用阿司匹林的益处并不明显，甚至可能会产生 严重的副作用和并发症，包括：可能增加出血性中风的风险；增加胃肠道出血风险；导致过敏反应等。 来源：新华社 作者: 彭茜 由于胃刺激是阿司匹林常见的副作用，该药物的正确服用方式也很有讲究。北 ...

这些斑块从哪里来？它们真的能够缩小甚至消失吗？如果血管已经长出了斑块，又该如何应对？这篇文 章将为你揭晓答案。 血管内部的"斑块"，虽然不像感冒那样立刻引起注意，却在背后默默地影响着健康，甚至可能威胁到生 命。 1 哪些因素 容易导致血管长斑块？ 斑块由脂质、结缔组织及血液中其他固体成分组成，黏附在血管壁上。它的形成，并非一朝一夕，而是 多种因素综合作用的结果。 那么，是什么让我们的血管变成了斑块的温床呢？这些斑块是如何在我们毫不知情的情况下悄悄"搭 建"起它们的"家园"的？ 年龄、吸烟状态、性别、空腹血糖水平和高血压病史可以明显增加颈动脉斑块的风险，遗传家族史也是 动脉斑块公认的危险因素。 不健康的饮食习惯，比如高脂饮食，不仅为斑块提供了"建材"，还持续刺激着血管壁，让各种脂质和其 他物质越积越多，形成斑块。 高血压和高血糖这两个"无声杀手"也在幕后推波助澜，它们使得血管壁受到更多的压力和损伤，为斑块 的形成提供了"肥沃土壤"。 长期吸烟更是一大杀器，它不仅可以改变体内脂质代谢，使得斑块原料增多；还能影响血压和造成血管 壁损伤。 当然，基因也在幕后悄悄地发挥作用。如果家族中有人患有心血管疾病，那么也可能有更 ...

（来源：科普中国） 转自：科普中国 在我们忙碌而又平凡的日常生活中，有一个看不见的健康隐患正在悄悄向我们靠近，它就是血管内部的"斑块"。虽然不像感冒那样立刻引起我们的注意， 但它们却在背后默默地影响着我们的健康，甚至可能威胁到生命。 你可能会问，这些斑块从哪里来？它们真的能够缩小甚至消失吗？如果我们的血管已经长出了斑块，我们又该如何应对？ 别担心，这篇文章将为你揭晓答案。我们会分享一些科学且实用的方法，帮助你预防和对抗血管中的斑块，保持血管的健康和通畅。 图库版权图片，转载使用可能引发版权纠纷 哪些因素容易 导致血管长斑块？ 斑块由脂质、结缔组织及血液中其他固体成分组成，黏附在血管壁上。它的形成，并非一朝一夕，而是多种因素综合作用的结果。 那么，是什么让我们的血管变成了斑块的温床呢？这些斑块是如何在我们毫不知情的情况下悄悄"搭建"起它们的"家园"的？ 北京朝阳区的一个社区调查发现，年龄、吸烟状态、性别、空腹血糖水平和高血压病史可以明显增加颈动脉斑块的风险。同时遗传家族史也是动脉斑块公 认的危险因素。 真能缩小甚至消失吗？ 一直以来，人们普遍认为一旦血管斑块形成，就无法逆转。然而，近年来的科学研究和医学进步已经 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the health risks associated with sudden temperature drops in autumn, particularly for cardiovascular disease patients, and provides recommendations for maintaining heart health during this season [2][3][11]. Group 1: Health Risks from Temperature Drops - Sudden temperature drops can lead to increased cardiovascular disease incidents due to factors such as blood vessel contraction, increased blood viscosity, and emotional stress [3][4][6]. - The phenomenon of "thermal expansion and contraction" in blood vessels can elevate blood pressure and increase the risk of heart attacks [3]. - Dry autumn air can lead to thicker blood, which slows circulation and promotes blood clot formation [4]. Group 2: Recommendations for Cardiovascular Patients - Patients with cardiovascular diseases should avoid extreme temperature exposure and adjust clothing based on their comfort level, especially as temperatures drop [8][10]. - Key body parts such as the head, neck, abdomen, and feet should be kept warm to prevent cold-related health issues [9]. - A layered clothing approach is recommended, with thicker clothing on the lower body to maintain warmth [10]. Group 3: Heart Health Maintenance Tips - Maintain a balanced diet with low salt, oil, and sugar, while ensuring dietary variety [11]. - Engage in moderate exercise, adapting to indoor activities when outdoor temperatures are low [11]. - Stay hydrated by drinking water regularly, not just when thirsty, to avoid increasing heart strain [11]. - Regularly monitor health indicators such as blood pressure and blood sugar levels [11]. Group 4: Emergency Response for Cardiac Events - Recognize symptoms of potential cardiac events, such as chest pain or shortness of breath, and take immediate action [12][13]. - If symptoms persist, seek emergency medical assistance promptly [14].

Group 1 - The article highlights the seasonal increase in crab consumption among the elderly, which may lead to health risks due to high-fat diets and other factors such as lack of sleep and emotional stress [1] - It discusses the heightened risk of cardiovascular diseases and the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (shingles) in older adults, particularly those with pre-existing heart conditions [1] - Research indicates that patients with cardiovascular diseases have a higher risk of developing shingles, and the presence of hypertension can further increase the likelihood of postherpetic neuralgia [1] Group 2 - A three-step proactive defense strategy is proposed to combat the dual threat of cardiovascular diseases and shingles, which includes vaccination, maintaining healthy blood pressure and lipid levels, and early identification of symptoms [2] - In Guangdong, initiatives are being implemented to enhance vaccination accessibility, such as the "30-minute vaccination circle" and weekend vaccination services, with specific examples from Shenzhen [2] - The inclusion of shingles vaccine costs in health insurance is also mentioned as a measure to encourage vaccination among the population [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the critical role of managing prediabetes and obesity in preventing the progression to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the effectiveness of the drug Semaglutide (weight loss version) in improving health outcomes for overweight and prediabetic patients [5][6][20]. Group 1: Prediabetes and Health Risks - Prediabetes is a significant health warning signal, with 5%-10% of patients progressing to diabetes annually, and it is associated with increased cardiovascular risks [5][8]. - Meta-analysis shows that prediabetic patients have higher all-cause mortality and cardiovascular event rates compared to those with normal blood sugar levels [8][26]. Group 2: Obesity as a Risk Factor - There is a strong positive correlation between obesity and the risk of prediabetes, with risk increasing significantly as BMI rises: 25% increase for BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m² and 184% for BMI ≥40 kg/m² [9][11]. - The 2023 Expert Consensus on Diabetes Prediabetes Intervention emphasizes weight management as a core strategy to prevent the progression of prediabetes [9][11]. Group 3: Semaglutide's Impact - The SELECT study demonstrated that Semaglutide (weight loss version) significantly reduces the risk of major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE) by 20% compared to placebo [17][18]. - The drug also shows remarkable effects on blood sugar control, with nearly 70% of patients achieving normal blood sugar levels, far exceeding the placebo group [18][20]. Group 4: Future Outlook - There is optimism that more prediabetic patients will receive early intervention, leading to improved long-term outcomes for overweight and obese individuals [21][22]. - The treatment of metabolic diseases is expected to enter a new era of precision and individualization [22].

Core Theme - The 26th World Heart Day on September 29, 2025, focuses on the theme "Don't Miss a Beat," aiming to raise public awareness about heart health and promote preventive actions against cardiovascular diseases [1] Dietary Recommendations - A diet low in unhealthy foods is recommended, with a daily salt intake of 5 grams to help control blood pressure and reduce fluid retention [3] - Emphasis on a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, whole grains, and plant-based proteins, with a variety of 12 different food types daily and the inclusion of one egg per day [3] - Daily intake of 25 to 30 grams of dietary fiber from sources like grains, legumes, vegetables, and fruits is advised [4] Energy and Nutrient Intake - It is recommended to reduce daily energy intake by 30% to 50% or limit it to 1000 to 1500 kcal [5] - Macronutrient distribution should consist of 20%-25% protein, 20%-30% fat, and 45%-60% carbohydrates [4] Physical Activity Guidelines - At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week is suggested, along with a goal of walking 6000 steps daily [5] - Engaging in 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise weekly, complemented by two strength training sessions, is recommended [6] Alcohol and Stress Management - High blood pressure patients are advised to limit alcohol intake, with men not exceeding 25 grams and women 15 grams per day [6] - Managing stress through adequate sleep (7-8 hours daily) and relaxation techniques like meditation is encouraged [7] Regular Health Monitoring - Regular checks of blood sugar and lipid levels are essential, with dietary and lifestyle adjustments made based on medical advice [8]

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the health challenges associated with the autumn equinox, including increased risks of respiratory diseases and cardiovascular issues due to temperature changes [1][4] - Experts recommend preventive measures such as timely flu vaccinations, maintaining hygiene, and monitoring health conditions during travel [2][3] - The article highlights the importance of managing temperature fluctuations to protect cardiovascular health, suggesting layered clothing and regular blood pressure monitoring for at-risk individuals [4] Group 2 - The article discusses the proper use of medications, stressing the need for prescriptions for certain drugs and the importance of adhering to medical advice [5] - It warns against the use of expired medications, which may pose safety risks, and advises regular checks of medicine cabinets [6]

Core Insights - Novo Nordisk presented data from the STEER study, showing that Wegovy® (semaglutide 2.4 mg) significantly reduces the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to tirzepatide in patients with obesity and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) without diabetes [1][3][4] Group 1: Study Findings - Wegovy® demonstrated a 57% greater risk reduction for heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular-related death in patients who adhered to treatment compared to tirzepatide, with 0.1% of events recorded for Wegovy® and 0.4% for tirzepatide [1][3] - In all treated individuals, regardless of treatment gaps, Wegovy® showed a 29% risk reduction for heart attack, stroke, and death from any cause compared to tirzepatide [1][3] - The STEER study adds to the evidence that the cardiovascular benefits of Wegovy® are specific to the semaglutide molecule and not applicable to other GLP-1 or GIP/GLP-1-based treatments [3] Group 2: Study Design and Population - The STEER study was a retrospective, observational study evaluating the efficacy of Wegovy® versus tirzepatide for preventing MACE in US adults aged 45 and older with obesity and established CVD without prior diabetes [2][4] - The study included 10,625 participants in each treatment group, with propensity score matching used to ensure comparability between Wegovy® and tirzepatide users [2][4] Group 3: Context of Obesity and CVD - Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally, with nearly 21 million deaths annually, and obesity significantly contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [2] - Despite a decrease in overall cardiovascular mortality, obesity-related cardiovascular deaths have risen, with two-thirds of such deaths linked to CVD [2]