Group 1 - The UN Population Fund's report highlights a global decline in fertility rates, indicating that this issue is not isolated to specific countries but is a widespread phenomenon affecting both developed and developing nations [1] - Japan's newborn count is projected to be approximately 686,000 in 2024, marking a continuous decline for nine years and falling below 700,000 for the first time, with a total fertility rate of 1.15, both records low since statistics began [1] - The report identifies several factors contributing to low birth rates, including high child-rearing costs, job instability, expensive housing, global concerns, and a lack of suitable partners, with 39% of respondents citing economic pressure as the primary obstacle [1] Group 2 - Low fertility rates significantly impact a country's demographic structure and have decisive effects on economic vitality, social operations, and cultural transmission, potentially leading to a structural imbalance in labor supply and demand [2] - China is facing a long-term strategic issue regarding population, with recent policies aimed at improving the fertility support system and creating a family-friendly society, including extended maternity leave and marriage leave [2] - Various provinces in China are implementing measures to enhance fertility support, such as extending marriage leave from 5 days to up to 25 days and increasing maternity leave for different birth orders [2] Group 3 - Addressing the low fertility crisis requires a collaborative effort from governments, society, and international organizations, emphasizing the need for optimized fertility support policies and a supportive social environment [3] - Countries should share experiences and explore solutions, while international organizations can play a greater role in assisting developing nations in improving basic social services like healthcare and education [3]