Core Insights - A research team from the University of Maryland has developed a new type of photonic chip that passively converts monochromatic laser sources into red, green, and blue light without the need for active control or repeated optimization, providing new tools for quantum computing, high-precision frequency measurement, and optical metrology [1][2] Group 1 - Traditional photonic devices can capture and manipulate photons but have limited functionality and are difficult to mass-produce stably [1] - The new chip can directly generate new frequencies of light that do not exist in the input light, saving space and energy compared to additional laser sources [1] - The technology relies on special nonlinear light-matter interactions, enhanced by using photonic resonators to allow light to circulate multiple times within the chip [1][2] Group 2 - The team previously proposed a method using an array of tiny resonators to amplify nonlinear effects, guiding light along the edges and converting pulsed lasers into multi-frequency light [2] - In the latest research, the array itself improves the success rate of frequency conversion without active adjustment, with experiments showing that six chips on the same wafer produced second, third, and fourth harmonic light corresponding to red, green, and blue light when input with standard 190THz laser [2] - The differences in circulation speeds between small rings and "super rings" in the array facilitate passive matching of conversion conditions, allowing the chip to generate more frequency light as the input intensity increases [2]