在性能评估上，实测表明，即便采用较滞后性能的输入设备，LightGen仍可取得相比顶尖数字芯片2个 数量级的算力和能效提升；而如果采用前沿设备使得信号输入频率不是瓶颈的情况下，LightGen理论可 实现算力提升7个数量级、能效提升8个数量级的性能跃升。 论文同步被《科学》杂志官方选为高光论文重点报道。文中提到，生成式AI正加速融入生产生活，要 让"下一代算力芯片"在现代人工智能社会中真正实用，势在必行的是研发能够直接执行真实世界所需前 沿任务的芯片——尤其是大规模生成模型这类端到端时延与能耗极高的任务。面向这一目标，LightGen 为新一代算力芯片真正助力前沿人工智能开辟了新路径，也为探索更高速、更高能效的生成式智能计算 提供了新的研究方向。 本报讯（记者 易蓉）从一句话生成一张图，到几秒钟生成一段视频，生成式人工智能正在走向更复杂 的真实世界应用。模型越大、分辨率越高、生成内容越丰富，对算力与能耗的需求就越惊人，后摩尔定 律时代，面向未来的研究焦点转向光电计算等"下一代算力芯片"。近日，上海交通大学集成电路学院陈 一彤课题组在新一代算力光芯片方向取得重大突破，首次实现了支持大规模语义视觉生成模型的全光计 ...

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing US-China chip trade war has led to a significant increase in China's research output in next-generation chip manufacturing, surpassing that of the US by more than double, indicating a potential shift in technological capabilities in the near future [2][4][5]. Research Output Comparison - From 2018 to 2023, China produced 34% of the global research papers on chip design and manufacturing, while the US and Europe contributed only 15% and 18%, respectively [10]. - In terms of high-citation papers, 50% of the top 10% most cited articles in this field were authored by Chinese researchers, compared to 22% from the US and 17% from Europe [5][10]. Emerging Technologies - China's research focus includes neuromorphic computing and optoelectronic computing, which are considered post-Moore's Law technologies and are less affected by current export restrictions [2][6]. - The research indicates that if these emerging technologies are commercialized, they could significantly enhance China's position in the global chip market, making it difficult for the US to maintain its competitive edge through export controls [7][8]. Impact of US Export Controls - Since October 2022, the US has imposed restrictions on the sale of advanced chips and manufacturing equipment to China, aiming to limit China's ability to produce cutting-edge chips [6][3]. - Despite these restrictions, China's research output continues to grow, with significant contributions from leading institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University [11][13]. Research Trends and Hotspots - The overall growth in chip research from 2018 to 2023 was 8%, which is slower compared to more popular fields like artificial intelligence [9]. - The research hotspots identified include neuromorphic computing and photonics, reflecting a shift towards innovative semiconductor technologies that address the limitations of traditional chip manufacturing [15][16].