Group 1 - The research team has developed a detailed "molecular battle map" of human immune cells responding to transplanted pig kidney tissues, marking a significant breakthrough in overcoming xenotransplantation immune rejection issues [1][2] - The study reveals that signs of antibody-mediated rejection can be detected as early as day 10 post-transplant, peaking at day 33, confirming the understanding that rejection reactions are aggressive yet progress slowly [1] - A dynamic tracking period of 61 days allowed the identification of a critical "treatment time window," and targeted therapeutic interventions have shown significant effects in suppressing immune attacks [1][2] Group 2 - By understanding specific immune interactions at the molecular level, the research enables the formulation of precise anti-rejection strategies, potentially increasing transplant survival rates [2] - The findings provide a roadmap for optimizing genetically edited pigs and developing new anti-rejection drugs, with genetically modified pig kidneys expected to enter clinical routine applications within ten years, pending regulatory approval [2] - The research identifies key intervention time windows, laying a solid foundation for developing more effective anti-rejection therapies and guiding future research directions [2]