Core Insights - On July 30, 2025, a total of 20 papers were published in the prestigious journal Nature, with 11 of them authored by Chinese scholars, highlighting the significant contribution of Chinese researchers to global scientific advancements [2][5][7][9][10][12][14][17][19][21][22]. Group 1: Research Contributions - The paper titled "Flourishing chemosynthetic life at the greatest depths of hadal trenches" was co-authored by researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, showcasing new findings in deep-sea biology [2]. - A study on "Repurposing haemoproteins for asymmetric metal-catalysed H atom transfer" was published by researchers from Basel University, indicating advancements in chemical catalysis [5]. - Stanford University published a paper on "Remodelling of corticostriatal axonal boutons during motor learning," contributing to the understanding of neural plasticity [7]. - The synthesis of bulk hexagonal diamond was reported by researchers from the Beijing High Pressure Science Research Center, marking a significant achievement in material science [9]. - A study on "Invariance of dynamo action in an early-Earth model" was published by Southern University of Science and Technology, providing insights into geophysical processes [10]. - Research from McMaster University on "ACLY inhibition promotes tumour immunity and suppresses liver cancer" highlights potential cancer treatment strategies [12]. - A molecular cell atlas of the mouse lemur was published by Stanford University, offering valuable data for primate research [14]. - A study on "Diffusing protein binders to intrinsically disordered proteins" was conducted by researchers at the University of Washington, advancing the field of protein interactions [17]. - A paper on "SuFEx-based antitubercular compound irreversibly inhibits Pks13" was published by researchers from Scripps Research Institute, contributing to tuberculosis treatment research [19]. - Research on "Epithelial cell membrane perforation induces allergic airway inflammation" was published by researchers from Beijing Institute of Life Sciences and Tsinghua University, shedding light on allergic responses [21]. - A study on "The Virtual Lab of AI agents designs new SARS-CoV-2 nanobodies" was published by Stanford University, indicating the role of AI in biomedical research [22].

Core Findings - The research led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences has discovered the deepest known chemosynthetic life communities at a depth of 9,533 meters in the ocean, which do not rely on sunlight for energy [1] - The study revealed large-scale chemosynthetic life communities and methane reservoirs along a 2,500-kilometer stretch of ocean trench, primarily consisting of deep-sea tube worms and bivalve mollusks [1] - The methane in these environments is produced by microorganisms deep within sediment layers, indicating the existence of a previously unknown, active deep biosphere beneath the abyssal seafloor [1] Implications for Ecosystem and Carbon Cycle - The discovery challenges the traditional view that abyssal ecosystems are primarily sustained by organic particles and animal remains sinking from the ocean surface, providing a new perspective on the complex mechanisms of deep-sea carbon cycling [1] - The research suggests that chemosynthetic life may significantly influence the structure of abyssal ecosystems and global carbon cycles, indicating the presence of a "chemosynthetic life corridor" in deep ocean trenches worldwide [2] - This study is part of the "Global Abyss Exploration Program," an international research initiative led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences aimed at uncovering the mysteries of the Earth's deep ocean [2]