Core Viewpoint - Excessive consumption of high oxalate foods like spinach can lead to secondary oxalate deposition nephropathy, with contributing factors including metabolic disorders and intestinal diseases [1] Group 1: Disease Mechanism and Types - Oxalate deposition nephropathy is characterized by the accumulation of oxalate crystals in the renal tubules and interstitium, resulting in kidney damage [2] - The disease can be classified into primary and secondary types, with secondary being more common and occurring at any age due to excessive oxalate intake and impaired excretion [2] Group 2: Dietary Factors and Risks - Foods high in oxalate include spinach, purslane, beet greens, nuts, chocolate, and tea, which can lead to the disease if consumed in excess [3] - Other factors such as excessive intake of oxalate precursors, dehydration, and lack of vitamin B6 can increase the risk of developing oxalate deposition nephropathy [3] Group 3: Prevention Strategies - Early detection of secondary oxalate deposition nephropathy can be achieved by testing urine oxalate levels, with a threshold of over 45 mg in 24 hours indicating high oxalate levels [4] - Prevention strategies include dietary modifications, such as reducing high oxalate food intake and ensuring adequate calcium and hydration to minimize oxalate absorption [5][6] - High-risk groups, including patients with chronic kidney disease and gastrointestinal disorders, should follow specific dietary guidelines and monitor their kidney function closely [6]