【环球时报驻德国特约记者 昭东 环球时报记者 郑璇】 编者的话： 12月7日，德国总理默茨结束上任7个月后才对以色列进行的首次访问，并重申 对以色列的支持。长期以来，德国因为二战期间纳粹屠杀犹太人带来的"特殊历史责任"而对以色列采取坚定支持政策，德国前总理默克尔更是 用"国家理性"一词来描述柏林对以色列的特殊责任。然而，此前因为加沙冲突的持续和国际舆论的变化，默茨政府对以色列提出直接批评，并一 度暂停部分对以军售。值得注意的是，默茨此次访以并未使用"国家理性"来描述德以关系，而采用了"核心本质"的说法。这只是修辞的改变，还 是意味着两国关系的变轨？当历史之重面临现实之痛时，德以"特殊关系"能否持续下去？ " 一个颠覆历史的时刻 " ？ 据"德国之声"等媒体报道，12月6日，默茨抵达以色列，首次以德国总理身份开启他上任后的首次访以行程。此行不足24小时，被英国《金融时 报》分析为旨在"寻求修复德国与以色列的关系"。默茨的前任朔尔茨在就职约3个月后就对以色列进行了访问，且是直接飞往以色列。与朔尔茨不 同的是，默茨此访是上任7个月后才进行的，且他先飞往约旦，在安曼会见约旦国王后才前往以色列。 与默克尔等前任一样的是 ...

Group 1 - The article discusses the historical context and current political dynamics between Germany, France, and Israel regarding the recognition of Palestine and the humanitarian crisis in Gaza [3][4][6][7] - German Chancellor Merz emphasizes that Germany does not intend to recognize Palestine in the short term, reflecting a cautious approach influenced by historical responsibilities towards Israel [6][7][29] - French President Macron's announcement to recognize Palestine aims to address the humanitarian crisis and strengthen France's influence in the Middle East, amidst differing stances from Germany and the UK [4][6][7] Group 2 - The article highlights the increasing pressure on the German government from both domestic and international fronts regarding its stance on Israel and Palestine, with public opinion shifting towards supporting Palestinian recognition [7][42] - The historical relationship between Germany and Israel is rooted in Germany's responsibility for the Holocaust, which continues to shape its foreign policy and public sentiment [9][29] - The article notes that various Western countries are considering recognizing Palestine, indicating a potential shift in international relations and support for Palestinian statehood [7][42]