Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent issuance of the "Opinions" by the Ministry of Finance, which aims to strengthen the accountability and legal framework surrounding accounting practices in China, addressing issues such as unclear responsibilities and inadequate enforcement of accountability [3][5]. Group 1: Accountability in Accounting - The "Opinions" delineate the responsibilities of various parties involved in accounting, including units, accounting firms, and stakeholders, to enhance the quality of accounting information and combat financial fraud [3][5]. - Units are required to ensure the authenticity and completeness of accounting records, prohibiting actions such as falsifying financial reports or destroying accounting materials [4][5]. - Unit leaders are held accountable for the accuracy of accounting work and must not pressure accounting personnel to engage in illegal activities [4][5]. Group 2: Responsibilities of Accounting Service Providers - Accounting service providers, including bookkeeping agencies and auditors, are mandated to refuse any requests for improper accounting practices and must report any violations discovered during audits [5][6]. - The Ministry of Finance has intensified accountability measures, imposing administrative penalties on numerous accounting firms and professionals to enhance compliance and deter misconduct [5][6]. Group 3: Regulatory Framework and Implementation - The "Opinions" emphasize the need for strict adherence to the unified national accounting system, with specific roles assigned to various regulatory bodies to ensure compliance and enhance the effectiveness of financial oversight [6][7]. - The Ministry of Finance aims to clarify the responsibilities outlined in accounting laws and regulations, thereby promoting legal awareness and accountability among accounting professionals [6][7].

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Finance of China has issued an opinion to clarify responsibilities in accounting work, aiming to enhance financial accounting supervision and improve the quality of accounting information, thereby combating financial fraud and ensuring accountability [1][5]. Group 1: Responsibilities of Accounting Units - Units are required to ensure the authenticity and completeness of accounting materials and must not engage in fraudulent accounting practices [1][2]. - Unit leaders are held accountable for the accuracy of accounting work and must not coerce accounting personnel into illegal activities [2][3]. - Accounting personnel have the right to reject false documents and report any attempts of financial fraud to their superiors [2][3]. Group 2: Responsibilities of Accounting Service Institutions - Accounting service institutions must refuse to process improper accounting requests and must not conceal issues found during audits [3][4]. - Registered accountants are prohibited from issuing false audit reports and must report any violations of accounting laws by the audited entities [3][4]. Group 3: Regulatory Framework and Implementation - The opinion emphasizes the need for a unified national accounting system and outlines the responsibilities of various supervisory departments [4][5]. - The Ministry of Finance is tasked with formulating the national accounting system, while other departments must adhere strictly to these regulations without unauthorized modifications [4][5]. - The opinion aims to enhance the authority and effectiveness of the national accounting system, ensuring comparability of accounting information across market entities [4][5].