Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that high-quality development is the primary task for building a modern socialist country, with a focus on enhancing residents' happiness index as a crucial aspect of achieving this goal. The research ranks the happiness index of 337 cities in mainland China, identifying Nanjing, Hangzhou, and Changsha among the top ten happiest cities in 2023. Group 1: Nanjing - Nanjing is recognized for its rich historical background, excellent transportation network, and abundant educational resources. The city has a favorable climate and high urban greenery, with a green coverage rate of 45.0% and a green land rate of 40.8% [8][9] - In 2022, Nanjing's GDP per capita reached 179,000 yuan, ranking first among provincial capital cities in China. The city has a diverse industrial structure, primarily driven by modern services and advanced manufacturing [9][10] - Nanjing boasts a concentration of higher education institutions, including 8 211 universities and 12 double first-class universities, and is a significant transportation hub with a well-developed public transport network [10] Group 2: Hangzhou - Hangzhou is characterized by its blend of historical heritage and modern vitality, with a strong emphasis on ecological civilization. The city has an air quality rate of 83.3% and a forest coverage rate of 65.3% [15][16] - The digital economy is a key driver of Hangzhou's growth, with the core industry value added exceeding 507.6 billion yuan in 2022, accounting for over 27.1% of the city's GDP [16][17] - The city maintains a strong population attraction, with a total population of 12.376 million by the end of 2022, and a continuous improvement in urbanization rate [17] Group 3: Changsha - Changsha is known for its vibrant night economy and balanced urban-rural development, with the night economy retail sales accounting for about 60% of the city's total retail sales in 2022 [21][22] - The city has a low cost of living among second-tier cities, with a housing price-to-income ratio of 8.9, making it attractive for young talents [22] - Changsha's urban-rural income disparity is minimal, with a ratio of 1.7, and the average disposable income for urban residents reached 35,481 yuan in 2023 [22] Group 4: Hefei - Hefei is recognized as the first "China Climate Comfortable City" provincial capital, with an air quality rate of 86.0% and a favorable climate for living [23][24] - The city has experienced rapid economic growth, with a GDP growth rate of 7.4% in the first half of 2023, entering the top 20 cities in China [24][25] - Hefei's population growth rate is the highest in the country, supported by its strong educational resources and innovation capabilities [25] Group 5: Zhoushan - Zhoushan is the only fourth-tier city in the top ten happiest cities, known for its beautiful island scenery and rich marine resources [27][28] - In 2022, Zhoushan's GDP per capita reached 167,000 yuan, ranking first in Zhejiang Province, with a low housing price-to-income ratio of 7.7 [28][29] - The city has a strong focus on ecological protection and sustainable development, with a PM2.5 annual average concentration of only 14 micrograms per cubic meter [29] Group 6: Wuhu - Wuhu is recognized as the second city in Anhui, with a strong focus on high-end manufacturing and a GDP of 450.21 billion yuan in 2022 [32][33] - The city has a low housing price-to-income ratio of 8.4, making it attractive for residents and contributing to stable population growth [33][34] - Wuhu's population growth rate was 1.6% in 2022, ranking third in the country, supported by favorable economic conditions and talent attraction policies [34] Group 7: Suzhou - Suzhou is an industrial powerhouse with the highest economic strength in Jiangsu Province, achieving a GDP of 2.4 trillion yuan in 2022 [36][37] - The city has a reasonable housing price-to-income ratio of 12.4, making it more affordable compared to other cities with similar economic strength [36] - Suzhou's urban construction and transportation infrastructure are well-developed, providing residents with a high quality of life [37] Group 8: Ningbo - Ningbo is a historical port city with a GDP of 1.57043 trillion yuan in 2022, showing a growth of 3.5% [41][42] - The city has a balanced urban-rural development, with a disposable income ratio of 1.7, indicating a narrowing income gap [42] - Ningbo's transportation infrastructure is highly developed, with an average commuting time of 31.3 minutes, contributing to residents' satisfaction [42] Group 9: Dalian - Dalian is known as the "Northeast Window," with a GDP of 843.09 billion yuan in 2022, ranking first in Liaoning Province [47][48] - The city has the highest population growth rate in Northeast China, supported by its quality education and healthcare resources [48] - Dalian's air quality is among the best in the country, with a high number of days with good air quality [46] Group 10: Zhuhai - Zhuhai is recognized for its excellent ecological environment, with a per capita GDP of 164,000 yuan in 2022 [49][50] - The city has a strong talent attraction capability, with a population growth of 58.8% from 2010 to 2022 [51] - Zhuhai's economic structure is diverse, focusing on high-end manufacturing and high-tech industries [50][51]

持强劲的人口虹吸效应，城镇化水平不断提升。杭州人口增速呈放缓趋势，城镇化率仍在提升， 2022年末杭州常住人口1237.6万人，增量位居全省11个地级市之首。 文：任泽平团队 导读 党的二十大报告提出，"高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务"。 高质量发展 是满足人民美好生活需要的内在要求，因此， 提升居民的幸福感指数，对于提升人民获得感和 幸福感、实现高质量发展的最终目的至关重要。我们在《中国十大最具幸福感城市2023》研究报告 中对全国除港澳台外的337个地级及以上城市幸福感指数进行了客观排名， 南京、杭州、长沙、合 肥、舟山、芜湖、苏州、宁波、大连、珠海位居前十。 根据我们构建的城市幸福感指数评价体系， 生态环境、经济环境、社会环境是影响居民幸福感的三个重要维度。幸福在哪里？哪里最幸福？ 摘要 NO1.南京：六朝古都，交通枢纽，教育资源丰富。 1）南京地处中国东部、长江下游，濒江近 海，气候宜居，地理位置优越，名胜古迹众多，城市绿化程度高。2）经济发展潜力巨大，人民物 质生活水平不断提高，2022年，南京市人均GDP17.9万元，居全国第六、中国省会城市第一。3） 交通便利，公共基础设施完备 ...