Core Insights - A collaborative research team from institutions including the University of California, Santa Cruz, Johns Hopkins University, and several organizations in Germany and Switzerland has revealed that the brain has an innate "operating system" through the use of organoids, which are miniature human brain tissue models [1][2] - The study published in Nature Neuroscience challenges traditional beliefs by demonstrating that the earliest neuronal discharges in the brain occur in a structured pattern, independent of any external experiences, suggesting that the brain is pre-configured with basic "instructions" for interacting with the world before birth [1][2] Group 1 - The research involved guiding stem cells to develop into brain tissue and using specialized microelectrode arrays, similar to computer chips, to record electrical activity [2] - Observations revealed that within the first few months of development, before the brain can process complex sensory information, internal cells spontaneously emit electrical signals with specific patterns [2] - These patterns of electrical activity are remarkably similar to those exhibited when processing sensory information, indicating an inherent developmental blueprint encoded by genes within the brain's neural structure [2] Group 2 - Understanding how organoids can spontaneously generate the basic neural structures of a living brain opens up various possibilities for better understanding human neurodevelopment, neurological diseases, and the impact of environmental toxins on the brain [2] - The models possess the foundational capability to capture complex neural dynamics, which may be closely related to certain pathological mechanisms [2] - Future research will explore the development of new compounds, therapies, or gene-editing tools at the preclinical level [2]