2024年，全国法院新纳入失信被执行人名单245.7万人次，同比下降23.4%—— 失信名单人数何以首次下降？ 《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》提出，健全国家执行体制，有效解 决"执行难"问题。 严格规范公正适用失信惩戒制度，是推动解决"执行难"问题的重要举措。如何持续提升失信惩戒工作的 靶向性、精准度和便捷性，把信用惩戒聚焦到少数规避执行、逃避执行、抗拒执行行为上来？近日，记 者对上海、江西等地法院做法进行采访。 ——编 者 到底是"有钱不还"还是"没钱还不了"？ 这是法院受理"申请强制执行"案件后，首先要甄别、判断的问题。这关系惩戒措施的精准适用、当事人 合法权益的平等保护。如果"有能力还"却拒不履行法院裁判文书义务，将被列入失信被执行人名单。 "严格区分'失信'与'失能'，分别采取有针对性举措，成为最高法强调的执行要点，既严厉打击严重失信 行为，又为有发展潜能的经营主体纾困解绑，帮助'诚实而不幸'的被执行人走出困局、重返市场。"最 高人民法院执行局局长黄文俊介绍，2024年以来，最高法指导全国法院开展"失信"与"失能"分类管理相 关工作，强化失信惩戒分级管理，要求积极适用失信 ...

Core Insights - The Supreme People's Court reported significant growth in mediation cases and success rates, indicating enhanced dispute resolution efficiency in the judicial system [1][2] Group 1: Mediation and Dispute Resolution - In the first three quarters of this year, a total of 4.782 million mediation cases were initiated, with 3.128 million successfully resolved, reflecting a notable increase in mediation activity [1] - The automatic compliance rate for successfully mediated cases exceeds 90%, demonstrating the effectiveness of pre-litigation mediation efforts [1] Group 2: Litigation and Case Management - As of the end of September, the number of unresolved litigation cases lasting over two years decreased by 28.08% year-on-year, indicating improved case management and resolution efficiency [1] - The satisfaction rate regarding litigation services has increased, with 57% of parties opting to submit their lawsuits online, resulting in 1.186 million electronic filings [1] Group 3: Criminal Cases and Enforcement - The number of first-instance criminal cases accepted by courts was 804,000, a decrease of 11.61% compared to the previous year, while the number of convicted defendants was 1.048 million, down 10.22% [1] - The execution completion rate and execution fulfillment rate for cases reflect the extent of parties' rights being realized, at 39.54% and 51.35% respectively [2] Group 4: Credit Rehabilitation and Compliance - A total of 1.672 million new entries were added to the list of dishonest individuals, marking a 2.45% decrease, continuing a trend of decline for six consecutive quarters [2] - Approximately 1.97 million individuals have successfully rehabilitated their credit status, allowing them to re-enter the market [2]