Group 1 - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi for their development of metal-organic framework materials, with a prize amount of 11 million Swedish Krona [2] - Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded 116 times to a total of 195 individuals, including 8 women [4] - The youngest laureate was Frédéric Joliot at age 35, while the oldest was John B. Goodenough at age 97; both Frederick Sanger and Karl Barry Sharpless have won the award twice [4] Group 2 - The Nobel Prize in Chemistry from 2001 to 2024 highlights various significant contributions, including protein design, quantum dot synthesis, and lithium-ion battery development [5][6] - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, and John M. Martinis for their discoveries in macroscopic quantum mechanics [5] - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for their research on peripheral immune tolerance, which has implications for precision medicine and biotechnology [5]

Group 1 - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to American scientists John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, and John M. Martinis for their discovery of "macroscopic quantum mechanical tunneling and energy quantization in circuits" [2] - John Martinis led Google's team that announced the achievement of "quantum supremacy" in 2019 with the development of the "Sycamore" quantum processor [2] - The prize amount for the 2025 Nobel Prize is 11 million Swedish Krona, equivalent to approximately 834.526 million RMB, remaining the same as in 2024 [2] Group 2 - As of 2024, the Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded 118 times, with six years having no awards: 1916, 1931, 1934, 1940, 1941, and 1942 [3] - From 1901 to 2024, a total of 227 individuals have received the award, with John Bardeen being the only person to win it twice, in 1956 and 1972 [3] Group 3 - The youngest laureate of the Nobel Prize in Physics is British physicist Lawrence Bragg, who won in 1915 at the age of 25 for contributions to the analysis of crystal structures using X-rays [5] - The oldest laureate is American physicist Arthur Ashkin, who won in 2018 at the age of 96 for groundbreaking inventions in laser physics [6] - Among the 224 Nobel Prize winners in Physics, only five are women, including Marie Curie, Maria Goeppert-Mayer, Donna Strickland, Andrea Ghez, and Anne L'Huillier [6] Group 4 - The Nobel Prize website highlights three significant achievements in physics: the discovery of X-rays, advancements in photographic technology, and the invention of energy-saving lamps [7][8] - Wilhelm Röntgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901 for the discovery of X-rays, which are still used in medical diagnostics today [7] - The invention of the charge-coupled device by Willard Boyle and George Smith, awarded in 2009, was a major breakthrough in digital camera technology [7] - The 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Akasaki Shuji, Amano Hiroshi, and Nakamura Shuji for their invention of high-brightness blue light-emitting diodes, which revolutionized lighting technology [8] Group 5 - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for their contributions to peripheral immune tolerance, which enhances understanding of the immune system and supports advancements in precision medicine and biotechnology [10]