近日，何梁何利基金2025年度科学与技术奖评选结果在北京揭晓。中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院"80 后"研究员刘陈立凭借在合成生物学领域的系统性创新与突出贡献，荣获本年度"科学与技术进步奖生命 科学奖"。生命科学领域该奖项今年仅评选两人，刘陈立成为该奖项设置以来的最年轻获奖者，本次获 奖标志着他在领域内的研究成果获得高度认可。 率先提出并发展"定量合成生物学"新方向 刘陈立1980年11月生于福建霞浦，本硕毕业于厦门大学，2011年获香港大学博士学位，随后在美国哈佛 大学分子与细胞生物学系做博士后，2014年回国工作。现任中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院院长，定量 合成生物学全国重点实验室主任，国家生物制造产业创新中心主任，深圳市合成生物研究重大科技基础 设施首席科学家。 作为我国合成生物与生物制造领域的杰出科学家，刘陈立长期致力于推动合成生物学从"经验试错"迈 向"理性设计"。他在国际上率先提出并发展了"定量合成生物学"新方向，通过建立"定量实验—数学建 模—工程重构"的闭环研究体系，破解了合成生物学中"设计"与"构建"脱节的共性难题，为该领域的科 学化、工程化奠定了方法论基础。 刘陈立在三个关键方向上取得了突破 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the phenomenon of "self-sacrifice" behavior in bees and microorganisms, highlighting its evolutionary significance and survival advantages for the group despite individual mortality [1][2][3]. Group 1: Research Findings - Researchers from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology have revealed how microorganisms exhibit "self-sacrifice" behavior under environmental stress, enhancing group survival [1][4]. - The study constructed two types of bacterial strains: "sacrificial" strains that release enzymes to degrade antibiotics and "cheater" strains that do not contribute to the group [2][3]. - The research demonstrated that in highly dispersed environments, the presence of sacrificial individuals significantly increases the overall survival rate of the group, while cheater strains are gradually eliminated [3]. Group 2: Methodology and Implications - The research utilized a synthetic biology system to simulate the behaviors of both sacrificial and cheater strains, employing automated machinery to enhance experimental efficiency [3][4]. - Findings indicate that the intensity of environmental pressure and the degree of dispersion influence the evolution of self-sacrificial behavior, with stronger pressures leading to more pronounced effects [3]. - The study's results provide insights into the evolutionary logic of extreme altruistic behaviors in nature and may offer new theoretical guidance for applications in biofilm control and antibiotic resistance management [4].

Core Insights - The research teams from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology and the National Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging Science and Technology have revealed the limit communication capability of the bacterial signaling molecule cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), marking a significant advancement in the rational design of artificial life systems in China [1][2] Group 1: Research Background - cAMP plays a crucial role as a "second messenger" in cellular communication, regulating physiological activities and metabolism in response to various hormones [2][4] - The study addresses the unknown limits of information transmission capabilities of signaling molecules, which is a critical issue in the scientific community [3] Group 2: Methodology and Innovations - The research team utilized synthetic biology engineering methods, employing gene editing to create a simplified signaling system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, allowing for precise measurement of the channel capacity for signal transmission [4][5] - A high-performance red cAMP fluorescent probe (PF2) was developed, which can accurately reflect dynamic changes in cAMP concentration, providing a powerful tool for understanding intracellular signaling [5] Group 3: Key Findings - The study established that cAMP exhibits low-pass filtering characteristics, responding primarily to sustained low-frequency signals while filtering out transient high-frequency noise [7] - The absolute quantification of the signal transmission rate was measured at 40 bits per hour, sufficient to regulate the expression of dozens of genes within a single cell cycle [7] - The research established a theoretical framework for the quantitative analysis of life systems, integrating molecular dynamics, information transmission, and functional output [7] Group 4: Broader Implications - The findings have the potential to influence various fields, including synthetic biology and biomedicine, by providing a quantitative framework that can be applied to any biochemical reaction system [8]