Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the limitations of current T cell-based immunotherapy strategies in treating solid tumors, primarily due to insufficient dendritic cell (DC) activity, particularly the conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) [2][3]. Group 1: Limitations of Current Therapies - CAR-T cell therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, showing significant efficacy in B cell malignancies, but its effectiveness in solid tumors remains limited due to factors like poor tumor infiltration and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) [3]. - T cell receptor (TCR) engineered T cells (TCR-T) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) therapies show promising prospects in solid tumor treatment, highlighting the importance of DC-T cell interactions [3][4]. Group 2: Importance of Dendritic Cells - cDC1 cells are crucial for antigen cross-presentation and T cell activation, and the process of antigen spreading is vital for durable therapeutic efficacy [4]. - Manipulating dendritic cells to enhance polyclonal T cell responses is essential for improving cancer treatment outcomes [4]. Group 3: Recent Research Findings - A study published in Cell Reports Medicine demonstrated that engineered T cells overexpressing Flt3L and XCL1 can stimulate dendritic cell recruitment and enhance antigen spreading, leading to improved anti-tumor immunity [5][10]. - The research found that Tpex cells expressing XCL1 correlate with better prognosis and that the Flt3L-XCL1 signaling axis plays a key role in recruiting cDC1 cells [7][8]. Group 4: Implications for CAR-T Therapy - The engineered T cells (FX-T cells) significantly enhance dendritic cell migration and maturation, improving T cell interactions and leading to robust antigen spreading and effective polyclonal T cell responses [7][8]. - FX-modified CAR-T cells exhibited superior anti-tumor activity in both mouse and humanized mouse models, suggesting a promising new strategy for enhancing CAR-T therapy in solid tumors [8][10].