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大咖分享(三)| 中国科学院化学研究所 马永梅研究员:连续纤维增强热塑尼龙复合材料及功能拓展
DT新材料· 2025-05-28 15:00
Core Viewpoint - The nylon modification industry is undergoing a critical transformation due to stricter global environmental regulations and the advancement of "dual carbon" goals, with thermoplastic composite materials emerging as a sustainable alternative to traditional thermosetting composites [2]. Group 1: Industry Trends - The traditional thermosetting composites are increasingly unable to meet sustainability demands due to their non-recyclable nature and high energy consumption, while thermoplastic composites are gaining traction for their recyclability and low carbon emissions [2]. - Current technical bottlenecks in thermoplastic nylon composites include insufficient interfacial bonding strength between fibers and resins, significant directional performance, and complex processing techniques, which hinder their application in high-end sectors [2]. Group 2: Technological Advancements - Continuous fiber-reinforced composites exhibit significant advantages over conventional short fiber-reinforced materials, achieving tensile strengths of up to 1400 MPa, comparable to that of ordinary steel, while being lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and suitable for secondary processing [4]. - The technology has developed four main industrialization directions: 1. Blending technology allows for the preparation of composites with fiber content up to 65% by uniformly weaving glass fibers with chemical fibers. 2. Embedding technology innovatively combines thermoplastic fiberglass prefabricated products with traditional plastics, simplifying complex component manufacturing processes. 3. Pultrusion technology, inspired by twin-screw extrusion principles, ensures that molten resin thoroughly impregnates continuous fibers, making it suitable for large-scale production of molded products. 4. Powder impregnation technology, similar to 3D printing, opens new pathways for manufacturing complex shapes by combining nylon powder with metal powder [4]. Group 3: Functional Innovations - The research team led by researcher Ma Yongmei has overcome the flame-retardant modification challenges of anionic polymerization nylon (MCN), successfully developing continuous fiber-reinforced materials with a flame-retardant rating of UL94 V0, applicable in the civil aviation sector [6]. - The team has also achieved copolymer modification of nylon 6/nylon 66, providing new options for specialized applications such as spinning [6].