Core Viewpoint - Open Science promotes faster and more sustainable scientific development, with Open Access serving as its foundation, providing researchers with increased visibility and collaboration opportunities [2][3]. Group 1: Open Science and Open Access - Open Science is defined as transparent, trustworthy, and accessible science that can be reused and referenced by everyone [2]. - Open Access publishing offers significant benefits, including greater citation advantages, increased usage, and broader impact for research [2]. Group 2: Springer Nature's Open Access Initiatives - Springer Nature offers over 700 pure Open Access journals and more than 2,200 hybrid journals, along with over 3,300 Open Access books, supporting researchers in sharing data and gaining recognition [3]. - The Open Access Content Hub provides resources on Open Science, Open Access journals, books, data, and agreements, allowing users to explore various topics of interest [5][6]. Group 3: Open Access Publishing Options - The Open Access publishing portfolio includes high-impact journals under brands like BMC, Nature Portfolio, Springer, Discover, and Palgrave Macmillan [8]. - Springer Nature has pioneered Open Access book publishing across various fields, including science, technology, medicine, humanities, and social sciences [10]. Group 4: Open Data and Agreements - Springer Nature supports researchers in sharing data and gaining recognition through access to subject repositories, research data courses, and community engagement [13]. - Since 2015, Springer Nature has led the development of transformative agreements, providing Open Access publishing support to researchers from over 3,700 institutions globally [15].