Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded to Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for their discovery related to regulatory T cells, highlighting the significance of their research in immunology and its implications for health and disease treatment [5][6]. Group 1: Award Winners - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for their work on regulatory T cells [6]. - Shimon Sakaguchi's career includes a notable period in 1980 when he worked in a blood transfusion department, which he took to avoid a gap in his resume [14][15]. - Sakaguchi has received numerous awards throughout his career, including the Momofuku Ando Prize in 2017 for his contributions to food science and immune function [22][24]. Group 2: Research Contributions - Sakaguchi's hypothesis on regulatory T cells faced skepticism from the academic community, particularly from Ethan M. Shevach, who later acknowledged the validity of Sakaguchi's findings [30][31]. - Fred Ramsdell has been recognized for his research on the FoxP3 gene, which is crucial for understanding immune responses [38]. - The article notes that over 80% of Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine involve animal experiments, with mice being the most commonly used subjects [56][59]. Group 3: Cultural and Personal Insights - Sakaguchi had aspirations of becoming an artist in his youth, reflecting a diverse interest beyond science [25][26]. - The article humorously mentions the lack of online presence for both Ramsdell and Brunkow, indicating a gap in public recognition despite their significant contributions [34][50]. - The article emphasizes the importance of laboratory mice in scientific research, noting that an estimated 120 million mice are used annually in biomedical research worldwide [59].