Core Insights - The U.S. IPO market is undergoing a transformation, with companies allocating a larger share of IPOs to retail investors to stabilize stock price volatility and maximize fundraising effectiveness [1][6][10] Group 1: Retail Investor Allocation - Companies like Gemini Space Station are reserving nearly 30% of their IPO shares for retail investors, significantly higher than the traditional 6% allocation [1][7] - Klarna allocated over 10% of its shares to retail investors during its IPO, achieving a first-day price increase of around 15% [3][7] - Bullish, a cryptocurrency exchange, allocated 20% of its shares to retail investors, which helped mitigate excessive first-day price surges despite a substantial initial increase of 84% [7][10] Group 2: Pricing Strategy Reevaluation - The trend reflects a reevaluation of IPO pricing strategies, as many large IPOs have experienced significant first-day surges, leading to missed fundraising opportunities for companies and early investors [6][8] - Underpricing in IPOs has resulted in companies like Figma missing out on approximately $3 billion in potential gains due to excessive first-day price increases [8][9] Group 3: Market Environment Changes - The shift towards greater retail participation is influenced by changing market conditions, with advocates like Robinhood's CEO promoting larger allocations for retail investors [10] - The understanding that a large and active retail shareholder base can benefit businesses has gained traction, as evidenced by Robinhood's own IPO strategy [10]