Core Viewpoint - Depression is a common mental disorder that is often misunderstood, with symptoms extending beyond emotional distress to include cognitive, behavioral, and physical manifestations [2][3] Group 1: Prevalence and Symptoms - Approximately 1 in 5 individuals will meet the diagnostic criteria for depression at some point in their lives [2] - About two-thirds of depression patients initially seek medical help due to physical symptoms [3] - Common physical symptoms include insomnia (64.6%), weight loss (38.5%), loss of appetite (37.6%), circulatory discomfort (31.3%), headaches (31.3%), and decreased libido (31.0%) [3] Group 2: Sleep and Appetite - Sleep disturbances are often the first symptom reported by depression patients, with many experiencing reduced sleep time and quality [4] - A recent analysis suggests that appropriate weekend napping (under 2 hours) can be beneficial in preventing depression, while longer naps may not have significant benefits [4] - Some patients may experience increased appetite and weight gain, potentially linked to emotional eating during low moods [5] Group 3: Cultural Perspectives - In China, individuals are more likely to report physical symptoms of depression compared to those in Western countries, possibly due to cultural perceptions of bodily symptoms as more acceptable to discuss [6] - The presence of physical symptoms is associated with poorer prognosis, including longer illness duration and potential misdiagnosis [6][7] Group 4: Misdiagnosis and Treatment Delays - Physical symptoms can lead to misdiagnosis or delayed treatment, as patients may seek help for bodily complaints rather than emotional issues [7] - A study found that among patients diagnosed with depression, only a small percentage had previously been identified as such, highlighting the risk of misdiagnosis [7]