【整理/观察者网 冯雪】 "我们每天都在清扫看得见的垃圾，却对那些在心里腐烂的精神痛苦视而不见。" 一天凌晨4点，当北京安定医院精神科医生姜涛连续抢救两位自杀未遂的青少年后，发出上述感叹。 从医30多年来，姜医生见过形形色色的病例，每个患者背后都有一段隐秘的心路历程。他们需要被看 见，更需要被理解。于是，就有了这本《安定此心：我当精神科医生的12000天》，记录下人性幽微之 处的种种黑暗与痛苦。 姜医生解释，虽然精神疾病本质上与心脏病等无异，只不过，这次生病的是大脑，但缺乏像诊断心脏病 时需要的客观数据或影像。特别是对于心境障碍类的诊断，依据更多的是临床症状。目前，医学界也在 努力发现这背后的"生物学标记"，比如说血液中跟免疫相关的指标，然而，像抑郁症等心境障碍，受到 影响的因素很多，生物学标记的特异性不明显；所以，目前还不能作为临床上的诊断参考。 除了上述提到的精神分裂症，"神经衰弱"也曾是困扰中国人的一种精神疾病，虽然现在已经很少使用这 个名词了。姜医生提到，如今临床上说到的广泛性焦虑障碍、睡眠障碍、躯体化障碍等等，当时都被装 进神经衰弱这个"口袋"里。 出版社供图 姜涛 中信 你的情绪，身体都记得 姜医 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article explores the life of a young man named Shaoyong, who has been struggling with drug overdose (OD) as a means to escape his emotional turmoil stemming from depression and a challenging family background. It highlights the normalization of OD among youth and the societal indifference towards mental health issues. Group 1: Background and Personal Struggles - Shaoyong, at 21, began experiencing OD at 17, driven by depression, family issues, and peer influence, viewing it as a way to escape his problems [2][5][10] - He describes his family dynamics, particularly the lack of communication with his single father, which contributed to his feelings of isolation and misunderstanding regarding mental health [5][19] - Shaoyong's initial curiosity about OD was influenced by his social circle, where discussions about drug use were common, leading him to experiment with substances like dextromethorphan [6][10] Group 2: The Impact of OD on Daily Life - Over three years, Shaoyong has consumed dozens of different drugs, with his usage escalating to taking hundreds of pills at once, indicating a growing dependency [9][10] - He acknowledges that OD has become a habitual response to his emotional distress, with the initial thrill giving way to a cycle of dependency and withdrawal symptoms [8][10] - Shaoyong's financial situation worsened as he dropped out of school and struggled to maintain a stable income, leading to a reliance on live streaming for income, which is often interrupted by platform regulations [11][25][26] Group 3: Social Perception and Isolation - The article illustrates the stigma surrounding OD, with Shaoyong feeling judged by others while simultaneously normalizing his behavior as a coping mechanism [13][29] - He expresses a sense of detachment from societal expectations and the pressures of familial relationships, often feeling misunderstood by those around him [19][29] - Despite his struggles, Shaoyong finds temporary solace in relationships, such as with his girlfriend, yet these connections are fraught with challenges related to his drug use [23][25]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the concept of "smartphone addiction," clarifying that high-frequency smartphone use does not equate to addiction but rather reflects societal needs and individual circumstances [3][4][5]. Group 1: Understanding Smartphone Addiction - "Smartphone addiction" is a colloquial term and not a recognized medical diagnosis; it differs fundamentally from substance addiction [3]. - The distinction between high-frequency use and problematic use lies in whether social functionality is affected, which is a core standard in psychiatric evaluation [4]. - Normal high-frequency use of smartphones can be beneficial, aiding in work and social needs without impacting sleep or core life functions [5]. Group 2: Reasons Behind Frequent Smartphone Use - Parents often worry about their children’s smartphone use, but many adolescents may be dealing with underlying issues like depression, using smartphones as a coping mechanism [8]. - For working adults, late-night smartphone use often serves as a compensatory mechanism to relieve stress from a busy day, rather than indicating addiction [9]. - Some individuals may frequently check social media due to unmet social needs, using online platforms to alleviate social anxiety [10]. Group 3: Potential Hidden Issues - While smartphone reliance is not inherently problematic, it can exacerbate underlying mental health issues, creating a cycle of dependency and emotional distress [12][13]. - Excessive smartphone use can lead to physical health issues such as sleep disturbances and neck problems, as well as psychological impacts like decreased attention span and increased anxiety [14]. Group 4: Balancing Smartphone Use - Instead of aiming to completely eliminate smartphone use, finding a balance is crucial; strategies include setting specific usage goals and reflecting on smartphone use patterns [16][17]. - Accepting occasional unproductive smartphone use as a normal part of relaxation can help alleviate guilt associated with smartphone use [18]. Group 5: When to Seek Professional Help - Professional intervention is recommended when smartphone use severely impacts social functionality or when emotional issues persist without self-resolution [20]. - Medical evaluations may include screenings for depression and anxiety, with treatment options ranging from medication to cognitive behavioral therapy [21].

Core Viewpoint - The film "Ma Teng, Don't Go" features actor Li Youbin, who portrays a retired worker suffering from Parkinson's disease and depression, marking a significant departure from his previous roles and showcasing the emotional depth of the character [3][5]. Group 1: Character and Story Development - The film tells the story of Lao Lin, a retired steel factory worker, who forms a deep bond with a carefree individual named Ma Teng, highlighting themes of companionship and resilience in the face of adversity [3][4]. - Li Youbin emphasized the importance of understanding the character's psychological struggles, particularly the nuances of Lao Lin's thoughts on life and death, which are central to the narrative [5][6]. Group 2: Actor's Preparation and Challenges - Li Youbin undertook extensive research on Parkinson's disease and depression to authentically portray Lao Lin, recognizing the character's complex emotional landscape [5][6]. - This role represents Li Youbin's first foray into comedy, where he discovered humor within the script, aiming for a natural and authentic comedic performance [6]. Group 3: Emotional Dynamics - The relationship between Lao Lin and Ma Teng evolves from initial misunderstandings to a profound emotional connection, resembling a father-son dynamic, which ultimately influences Lao Lin's decision to embrace life [4][5]. - Li Youbin noted that the companionship with Ma Teng provided Lao Lin with a sense of purpose and joy, contrasting with his previous feelings of isolation [4][5].

Core Viewpoint - The film "Ma Teng, Don't Leave" features actor Li Youbin, who portrays a retired worker suffering from Parkinson's disease and depression, marking a significant departure from his previous roles and showcasing the emotional depth of the character [1][3]. Group 1: Character and Role Preparation - Li Youbin took time to understand the character of Lao Lin, a retired steelworker, by reading the script multiple times and engaging in discussions with the director, which helped him connect emotionally with the role [3][4]. - The character Lao Lin embodies traits such as integrity, honesty, and a strong sense of self-respect, which are challenged by his health issues and feelings of isolation [3][4]. - Li Youbin researched Parkinson's disease and depression to accurately portray the struggles faced by his character, emphasizing the reality of Lao Lin's suicidal thoughts as a genuine response to his circumstances [4][5]. Group 2: Relationship Dynamics - The film explores the evolving relationship between Lao Lin and Ma Teng, highlighting themes of companionship and emotional support as they navigate their challenges together [3][4]. - Li Youbin noted that the bond formed between Lao Lin and Ma Teng transcends typical familial relationships, suggesting a deeper emotional connection akin to a father-son dynamic [4][5]. Group 3: Performance Style and Challenges - This film marks Li Youbin's first attempt at incorporating comedic elements into his performance, adapting to the film's unique style while maintaining a realistic approach [4][5]. - The actor experienced new challenges, such as performing stunts with a wheelchair, which added a layer of excitement and complexity to his role [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of depression on individuals, particularly in impoverished communities, highlighting the stigma and misunderstanding surrounding mental health issues, and the importance of recognizing and treating depression as a legitimate medical condition rather than a sign of laziness or moral failing [15][21][27]. Group 1: Patient Case Study - The patient, Chen Degui, comes from a poor rural background, facing significant barriers to accessing medical care, which took him four days to reach a hospital in Beijing [2][14]. - Degui's family has a history of mental health issues, with multiple family members exhibiting symptoms of depression, leading to tragic outcomes such as suicide [6][9][13]. - The narrative illustrates how poverty exacerbates mental health conditions, with Degui's experiences reflecting a broader issue of how societal perceptions can hinder proper diagnosis and treatment [15][16][21]. Group 2: Understanding Depression - The article emphasizes that depression is often mischaracterized as a "rich person's disease," while in reality, impoverished individuals are at a higher risk, with studies indicating that the likelihood of depression is twice as high among the poor compared to the general population [15][21]. - It discusses the phenomenon of somatization, where emotional distress manifests as physical symptoms, complicating the diagnosis of depression in low-income patients [16][19]. - The genetic predisposition to depression is highlighted, with research indicating a high heritability rate, suggesting that some families may be more susceptible to these conditions due to genetic factors [21][22]. Group 3: Treatment and Recovery - The article describes the treatment approach for Degui, which includes prescribing Amitriptyline, a cost-effective antidepressant that can alleviate both emotional and physical symptoms associated with depression [20][21]. - It emphasizes the importance of ongoing treatment and the need for patients to adhere to medication regimens to prevent relapse, as well as the necessity of changing societal perceptions about mental health [26][27]. - The narrative concludes with a hopeful note on Degui's recovery, illustrating the transformative power of proper treatment and the potential for individuals to regain a sense of purpose and joy in life [24][26].

Core Viewpoint - A 27-year-old girl named "Qiao Qiao" from Guangdong has passed away due to severe gastric atrophy, which led to a drastic weight loss from over 90 pounds to 35 pounds, highlighting the impact of health issues and mental health on young individuals [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Health Condition - "Qiao Qiao" suffered from severe gastric atrophy, with her gastric mucosa losing almost all digestive function, requiring her to rely on nutritional fluids for survival [1] - Her weight dropped significantly from over 90 pounds to 35 pounds, indicating a critical health decline [1] Personal Background - "Qiao Qiao" faced multiple personal tragedies, including the death of her father from late-stage gastric cancer and her mother remarrying, leaving her with a grandfather and a younger brother [1] - The girl had been struggling with severe depression, which contributed to her deteriorating health and eating habits [1] Community Response - The village committee, led by the village secretary, confirmed her death and stated that they would provide ongoing support to her family in the future [1] - The community had previously organized visits to her home to offer condolences and support during her illness [1]

Group 1 - The article discusses the increasing prevalence of "mental health" content on short video platforms, which is favored by algorithms over entertainment or pet-related topics [1][2] - Analysis shows that mental health videos have a higher user engagement, making it difficult for users to escape the algorithmic loop of similar content [1][2] - Users report that the constant exposure to mental health videos can lead to a deeper entrenchment in their issues, as seen in the case of Amy Russell, who found herself unable to escape the cycle of ADHD-related content [1][3] Group 2 - Users need to skip an average of 2.2 mental health videos to negate the impact of watching one, compared to 1.3 for pet videos, indicating a stronger algorithmic influence from mental health content [2] - Approximately 16 out of every 500 videos viewed by users are related to mental health, highlighting the significant presence of this content on platforms [2] - The popularity of mental health content on social media is attributed to the shortage of mental health professionals and the stigma surrounding mental illness, leading users to seek information online [3] Group 3 - The phenomenon of non-professionals creating mental health content can complicate actual diagnoses, as users may misinterpret their experiences based on generalized online discussions [3][4] - Some users report that excessive consumption of mental health videos exacerbates their existing conditions, as noted by Kelly Stephen-Lane, who experienced increased anxiety from the content [4]

Group 1 - The core point of the article discusses the misconception that cheerful and smiling individuals cannot suffer from depression, highlighting the existence of "smiling depression" or "sunshine depression" where individuals appear upbeat while hiding deep-seated pessimism [1] - Smiling depression is characterized by individuals who use a cheerful facade to mask their emotional struggles, often seen in those with social status and achievements, predominantly affecting men [1] - The article emphasizes that smiling depression is more concealed compared to typical depression, making it harder to identify and address [1] Group 2 - Misunderstanding one: Depression is not the same as anxiety; depression is rooted in emotional lows and negative perceptions, while anxiety is based on perceived danger and fear of making mistakes [3] - Misunderstanding two: Depression is not a sign of weakness; it is a complex mental illness influenced by psychological, physiological, and genetic factors [4] - Misunderstanding three: Depression cannot be treated solely through psychological counseling; it often requires a combination of medication, physical therapy, and psychological treatment, especially in moderate to severe cases [5]

Core Insights - The study led by scientists from Leipzig University demonstrates that mutations in the GRIN2A gene can cause mental disorders, marking it as the first known single gene responsible for such conditions [1][1][1] Summary by Categories Research Findings - The research published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry analyzed data from 121 individuals with genetic variations in the GRIN2A gene [1] - Certain variants of the GRIN2A gene are associated not only with schizophrenia but also with other mental disorders [1] - Notably, some individuals affected by mental disorders only exhibit psychiatric symptoms, while GRIN2A mutations are typically linked to epilepsy or intellectual disabilities [1] Implications - The GRIN2A gene plays a crucial role in regulating the electrical excitability of nerve cells, with specific variants leading to reduced NMDA receptor activity, which is essential for brain signaling [1]