Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the successful application of CAR-T cell therapy in treating refractory autoimmune encephalitis associated with DAGLA antibodies, highlighting its potential as a novel treatment option for patients unresponsive to standard therapies [4][13]. Group 1: Disease Overview - Autoimmune encephalitis is a severe brain condition where the immune system attacks the brain, leading to symptoms such as memory loss, confusion, behavioral changes, and severe seizures [2]. Group 2: CAR-T Cell Therapy - CAR-T cell therapy targets specific immune cells (B cells) and shows promise in treating autoimmune diseases, including those causing brain inflammation [3]. - The therapy involves a single intravenous infusion of fully human second-generation CAR-T cells targeting CD19 [8]. Group 3: Case Study - A 36-year-old male patient with refractory DAGLA antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis underwent CAR-T cell therapy after failing multiple treatments, including corticosteroids and plasma exchange [9][10]. - Post-treatment, the patient showed significant clinical improvement, with a reduction in harmful antibodies attacking the brain [10][14]. Group 4: Research Findings - The study published in Cell journal demonstrated that CAR-T cell therapy successfully reversed refractory DAGLA antibody-associated encephalitis, with antibodies disappearing from serum and cerebrospinal fluid after treatment [4][14]. - One year after treatment, the patient continued to show sustained clinical improvement [14].