近日，避免"内卷式"竞争成为银行业持续关注的话题。一方面，国家金融监督管理总局明确提到， 防止并纠正涉农信贷业务"内卷式"竞争。另一方面，多家银行也发声拒绝"价格战"，呼吁避免低效竞 争。 《证券日报》记者与多位业内人士交流了解到，当前商业银行内卷最突出地体现在存款与贷款业务 上。分析其根源，既有外部经济环境变化对银行负债与资产两端的冲击，也有部分商业银行市场应对能 力不足，依然固守"规模情结"、缺乏创新动力。 在监管纠偏内卷与银行发声"不打价格战"的同时，不少商业银行已然积极行动起来，基于自身资源 禀赋，加大创新力度，调整业务结构，积极探索差异化发展之路。主要表现为，积极运用金融科技等手 段，开拓存贷款增量业务，提升非息营收占比，持续增强穿越经济周期的能力。 内卷的"表"与"因" 当前，我国银行业主要利润来源于存贷款利差，商业银行内卷也主要集中在存款端与贷款端。 本报记者 苏向杲 杨 洁 去年11月份，中国人民银行（以下简称"央行"）在《2024年第三季度中国货币政策执行报告》（以 下简称《报告》）中明确指出，商业银行内卷严重，出现了贷款利率"下行快"、存款利率"降不动"的现 象，导致存贷款利率与政策利率调 ...

Core Viewpoint - The banking industry is facing significant "involution" competition, particularly in deposit and loan businesses, prompting calls for innovation and differentiation to avoid price wars and enhance profitability [1][2][4]. Group 1: Involution in Banking - The primary source of profit for banks is the interest margin between deposits and loans, with current involution concentrated in these areas [2]. - The People's Bank of China has noted a rapid decline in loan rates while deposit rates remain stagnant, leading to a significant deviation from policy interest rates [2]. - Factors contributing to deposit involution include minimal product differentiation among banks and external pressures from low-interest environments [2][3]. Group 2: Urgency of Addressing Involution - The urgency to combat involution is underscored by the current net interest margin of 1.43%, the lowest in nearly 20 years, which compresses profitability and increases financial risks [4][5]. - Over-competition in the industry is leading to higher funding costs and potential regulatory challenges, affecting the effectiveness of monetary policy [5]. Group 3: Strategies for Overcoming Involution - Banks are encouraged to adhere to regulatory guidelines while innovating service models and expanding deposit and loan businesses [6][7]. - Some banks have publicly committed to avoiding price wars, emphasizing value-driven competition instead [6][7]. - Expanding incremental business through product innovation and digital transformation is seen as a crucial strategy to mitigate the effects of involution [8][9]. Group 4: Enhancing Non-Interest Income - A significant reason for the current involution is the reliance on a narrow revenue structure; thus, increasing non-interest income is vital for resilience [12]. - Wealth management and financial market activities are identified as key areas for growth, with many banks planning to enhance their non-interest income streams [12][14]. - The shift in consumer wealth towards financial assets presents an opportunity for banks to develop wealth management services, leveraging their existing customer base [12][13]. Group 5: Regulatory Support and Market Dynamics - Regulatory bodies are urged to encourage banks to innovate and differentiate their services, fostering a healthier competitive environment [11]. - The banking sector's transformation is viewed as a structural reform aimed at enhancing service supply and creating customer value, which is essential for navigating economic cycles [15].