作者：吴雨祥（中国人民大学视听传播研究中心研究员） 1854年，法国摄影师安德烈·迪斯德里（André-Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri）借湿版火棉胶印刷法和多镜头 相机技术专利，发明了一次能拍出多张人物肖像照片的相机。这类照片被称作名片格式照片（Carte-de- visite，简称CDV），其小尺寸（约4×2.5英寸）与易复制的特性，使摄影术开始广泛扩散。19世纪中 叶，欧美多地开启了名片格式照片消费的热潮，甚至受到英国维多利亚女王的追捧。 在中国同期，1860年第二次鸦片战争之际，名片格式照片也随近代化进程同步传入中国，并嵌入了中国 本土的文化脉络。 20世 纪初鲁迅《自题小像》诗及照片 作者供图 文人雅趣：一种精英品位 随着以名片格式照片为代表的摄影术在中国社会生活中的普及，其艺术定位问题亦浮出水面。作为一种 源于西方的视觉技术，摄影写实的特性与中国绘画写意的传统也存在冲突。中国早期的摄影从业者多由 传统画师转型而来，其独特身份促成了摄影术与传统绘画的融合。 在表现形式上，受传统肖像画追求完整性与对称性的影响，中国的名片格式照片呈现出全身像多、半身 像少，正面像多、侧面像少的特征。19世纪 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the publication of the photo album "Yanjing Shengji" by the White brothers in 1927, featuring 70 photographs of Beijing, with a preface by the renowned scholar Hu Shi, highlighting the beauty of the ancient capital and the cultural exchange between East and West [9][12]. Group 1: Publication Details - "Yanjing Shengji" was published in 1927 by the Shanghai Commercial Press, featuring a luxurious design with a size of 40×32 cm and high-quality handmade paper [9][10]. - The album includes predominantly black-and-white photographs, with some hand-colored images, showcasing various scenic spots in Beijing [10][11]. Group 2: Hu Shi's Preface - Hu Shi's preface raises the question of why foreigners often find Beijing more beautiful than locals do, linking this to a historical context of aesthetic appreciation [11][17]. - He argues that the aesthetic value of Chinese architecture has been historically overlooked by locals due to practical and moral influences, leading to a lack of interest in its artistic beauty [11][12]. Group 3: The White Brothers - Herbert C. White, the author of "Yanjing Shengji," arrived in Beijing in 1922 and developed a deep affection for the city, capturing 700 photographs during his stay [12][13]. - The album features 70 selected photographs from a collection of 3,000 images, with some winning awards in photography competitions [13][14]. Group 4: Cultural Exchange and Appreciation - Hu Shi calls for Chinese people to learn from foreign visitors in appreciating the beauty of their own architectural heritage, emphasizing the importance of overcoming traditional biases [11][17]. - The collaboration between the White brothers and Hu Shi exemplifies a shared passion for photography and cultural appreciation, transcending differences in nationality and background [16][17].