Group 1 - The "2025 China Polar Science Academic Annual Conference" was held in Harbin, focusing on high-quality advancement of scientific innovation in polar research [1] - The conference summarized the scientific achievements during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period and included invited reports, thematic presentations, and discussions on China's action plan for the fifth International Polar Year [1] - Key research areas discussed included "ice and ocean processes and their ecological climate effects," "polar detection of Earth and interstellar space environments," and "polar engineering technology and green scientific exploration" [1] Group 2 - Experts and scholars from 54 institutions and relevant enterprises, including the National Natural Science Foundation, Ministry of Education, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, participated in the conference [2]

Group 1 - The "2025 China Polar Science Academic Annual Conference" was held in Harbin, focusing on high-quality advancement of scientific innovation in polar fields [1] - The conference summarized the scientific achievements during the 14th Five-Year Plan period and included various reports and discussions on priority research areas in polar science [1] - Key topics included the ecological and climatic effects of ice and ocean processes, polar detection of Earth and interstellar space environments, and green scientific exploration technologies [1] Group 2 - Experts and scholars from 54 institutions and relevant enterprises, including the National Natural Science Foundation, Ministry of Education, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, participated in the conference [2]