Group 1 - The European Union will not extend the duty-free trade measures for Ukrainian agricultural products that have been in place since 2022, with the current policy set to expire on June 5, 2023, and trade reverting to the 2017 agreement from June 6, 2023 [1] - The EU's temporary removal of import tariffs and quotas for Ukrainian agricultural products was implemented after the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, but farmers in countries like Poland and France have complained about the influx of Ukrainian products harming their interests [1] - The European Parliament has approved a new tariff law imposing a 6.5% basic tariff on fertilizers imported from Russia and Belarus, with additional fees of €40 to €45 per ton to be applied between 2025 and 2026, and a 50% tariff on previously untaxed agricultural products from these countries [1][2] Group 2 - The new tariff law is set to take effect in July 2023, aiming to diversify EU fertilizer production and reduce reliance on low-priced imports from Russia, although there are concerns that this may lead to a significant increase in fertilizer prices, negatively impacting farmers [2]