Core Points - The Chikungunya fever outbreak in Guangdong has reached 4,824 local cases as of July 26, 2023, all of which are mild with no severe cases or deaths reported [1][2] - The World Health Organization has issued a warning regarding the spread of Chikungunya, indicating that approximately 5.5 million people globally are at risk from this mosquito-borne virus [1][2] Group 1: Reasons for Outbreak - The increase in Chikungunya cases this year is attributed to multiple factors, including rising imported cases, expanding local mosquito populations, evolving virus strains, and a susceptible population due to the lack of specific vaccines [3][4] - The rise in imported cases is linked to the ongoing global activity of Chikungunya in over 100 countries, with increased international travel contributing to the spread [3][4] - Climate change and urbanization have created favorable conditions for mosquito breeding, leading to an expanded distribution of mosquito species [4][5] Group 2: Mosquito Population Dynamics - The Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, primary vectors for Chikungunya, have shown a significant increase in their populations in China, with Aedes albopictus spreading northward [5][6] - Urbanization has provided suitable habitats for these mosquitoes, while the urban heat island effect has accelerated their development [6][7] Group 3: Virus Evolution - The Chikungunya virus has evolved, with a specific mutation (E1-A226V) enhancing its transmission efficiency in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes by several times [8][9] - The current circulating strain in China belongs to the "Indian Ocean lineage," which has shown increased infectivity and transmission capabilities [8][9] Group 4: Future Trends - Experts predict that the risk of local transmission of Chikungunya may increase, potentially leading to more frequent outbreaks in the future [9][10] - The trend of rising cases of mosquito-borne diseases, including Chikungunya and Dengue fever, indicates a growing public health concern in China [10][11] Group 5: Prevention and Control Measures - Effective control measures include early detection and isolation of imported cases, enhanced surveillance, and community engagement in mosquito breeding site elimination [27][28] - Environmental modifications, such as improving drainage systems and reducing standing water, are crucial for mosquito control [29][30] - Innovative biological control methods, including the use of natural predators and genetic modifications, are being explored to manage mosquito populations [31][32]