Core Insights - The research indicates that ocean heatwaves have become a significant "warning signal" for critical transitions in the Earth's climate system [1] - The year 2023 has seen record highs in the coverage, intensity, and duration of ocean heatwaves, which may profoundly impact extreme weather events, ocean carbon sink capacity, fishery resource distribution, and coral reef ecosystems [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The research team utilized high-resolution ocean reanalysis data to construct a mixed-layer heat budget diagnostic framework, quantitatively characterizing the features of global ocean heatwaves in 2023 [1] - The study revealed that multiple regional ocean heatwave events occurred simultaneously in 2023, indicating significant and complex changes in the climate system [1] Group 2: Regional Impacts - In the North Atlantic, a weakened subtropical high-pressure system led to reduced cloud cover and a shallower mixed layer, providing energy support for the sustained development of ocean heatwaves [2] - In the Southwest Pacific, regional atmospheric anticyclones enhanced easterly winds and weakened westerly winds, increasing the meridional transport of ocean heat [2] - In the North Pacific, increased shortwave radiation and reduced latent heat loss, combined with a shallower mixed layer, caused rapid warming of the sea surface [2] - In the tropical East Pacific, changes driven by El Niño in meridional, zonal currents, and upwelling exacerbated ocean warming in the region [2] Group 3: Recommendations - The research team emphasizes the importance of developing a forecasting system based on physical mechanisms, enhancing real-time monitoring of multiple ocean factors, and conducting in-depth research on extreme climate event warnings to address future climate risks [2]