Core Points - The military actions between India and Pakistan have escalated significantly, marking the most severe conflict in over 20 years, with India launching "Operation Sindoor" targeting nine locations in Pakistan [1][5] - The conflict was triggered by a major shooting incident on April 22 in Indian-controlled Kashmir, leading to heightened tensions and military responses from both sides [5][8] - Both nations are nuclear-armed, and the historical context of their conflicts, particularly over Kashmir, adds to the gravity of the current situation [4][8] Summary by Sections Military Actions - India conducted a significant military operation on May 7, targeting what it described as "terrorism infrastructure" in Pakistan, with the Indian defense ministry stating the operation was "clear, cautious, and will not escalate" [5][7] - Pakistan's military responded by shooting down Indian aircraft and launching counterattacks, claiming to have downed five Indian jets and destroyed an Indian military command post [7][11] Historical Context - The current conflict is the most intense since the ceasefire established in 2003, with previous conflicts having led to three major wars over Kashmir [4][8] - The last major escalation occurred in February 2019, following a suicide bombing that killed 40 Indian soldiers, leading to airstrikes by India on Pakistani territory [8] Economic and Diplomatic Implications - India has announced plans to cut off water supplies to Pakistan, which could severely impact Pakistan's agriculture and economy, as approximately 70% of its agricultural irrigation relies on the Indus River and its tributaries [10][11] - Both countries have imposed trade restrictions, with India banning all imports from Pakistan and Pakistan reciprocating by prohibiting the transit of Indian goods [11] Air Travel Impact - Following the military escalation, both India and Pakistan temporarily closed their airspace, affecting international flights and causing significant disruptions for travelers [13]

2025.04. 29 本文字数：1527，阅读时长大约3分钟 作者 | 第一财经 钱小岩 封图 | 新华社 印度和巴基斯坦已连续多日在克什米尔地区交火，形势的走向让国际社会颇为忧心。 据新华社报道，巴基斯坦国防部长阿西夫28日表示，巴基斯坦与印度之间的紧张局势可能升级，印 方或在短时间内对巴方发动"入侵"。但他表示，局势不至于发展到爆发核战争的程度。 4月22日，印控克什米尔地区发生针对游客的枪击事件，造成重大人员伤亡。随后印度与巴基斯坦均 采取强硬措施，引发局势升级。 上海国际问题研究院南亚研究中心主任刘宗义向第一财经记者表示，鉴于印度空军在2019年有过越 境打击的先例，巴基斯坦方面目前正保持警惕，积极防备，但印巴紧张局势大规模恶化的可能性不 高。 他进一步分析道，当前国际形势复杂多变，从巴基斯坦的角度来看，由于当前经济承压加之实力有所 局限，并不希望升级冲突，不过印度方面希望借此达成的目标尚不明晰。 印巴关系恶化 印控克什米尔的哈尔加姆（Pahalgam），有印度"小瑞士"之称，一度还是印度宝莱坞电影的重要取 景地。然而在4月22日下午，一群武装分子突然从树林中冲出，用机关枪扫射此地的游客，造成至少 ...