Core Insights - Researchers from Caltech and other institutions have observed the brightest black hole eruption known to date, with peak brightness exceeding 10 trillion times that of the Sun [1][2] - The event is believed to be caused by a star with a mass over 30 times that of the Sun being torn apart and consumed by a supermassive black hole [1][2] Group 1 - The eruption was first detected in 2018 by the Zwicky Transient Facility and the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey, but its significance as a supermassive black hole eruption was not initially recognized [1] - The brightness of the celestial body increased approximately 40 times within months of its discovery, remaining exceptionally bright until 2023, indicating an unusual energy release process [1] - The event is located about 10 billion light-years away, and researchers utilized the Keck Observatory in Hawaii for further observations [1] Group 2 - The black hole responsible for the event is situated in an active galactic nucleus, which is a highly energetic astrophysical system formed by a supermassive black hole consuming surrounding material [2] - The scale of this super eruption allowed it to be identified despite the potential masking effects of the active galactic nucleus's own flaring activity [2] - Ongoing observations will focus on whether the brightness of the star will gradually dim or if it will erupt again after interacting with surrounding gas and dust [2]