为什么会出现这种"共舞"？科学家推测，这可能与广义相对论预言的"兰斯—蒂林效应"有关，旋转 的黑洞会拖拽周围的时空，若吸积盘本身是倾斜的，那么它和垂直于它的喷流就会像被"拧"住的陀螺一 样，跟着黑洞的自转一起摆动。 科技日报北京12月11日电 （记者陆成宽）黑洞"吞食"恒星时，其吸积盘与喷流竟跳起了有节奏 的"双人舞"。来自中国科学院国家天文台、中国科学院大学等国内外单位的科研团队，首次在黑洞"进 食"过程中，观测到黑洞吸积盘与喷流像陀螺一样同步"跳舞"的最有力证据。这一发现为理解黑洞吸积 与喷流的形成机制提供了关键线索。相关研究成果11日在线发表于国际学术期刊《科学进展》。 要理解这个发现，得先从一种剧烈的宇宙现象说起——潮汐瓦解事件（TDE）。当一颗恒星太靠近 星系中心的超大质量黑洞时，会被黑洞的强大引力"撕成碎片"；部分恒星物质在回落过程中，会形成一 个高温的吸积盘，并释放出强烈的辐射，同时可能催生高速喷流。这类事件就像宇宙中的"闪光弹"，是 研究原本"安静"的黑洞突然活跃以及高能喷流如何形成的绝佳窗口。 在这项研究中，科研团队对潮汐瓦解事件AT2020afhd进行了深入观测。该事件位于距离地球1.2亿 ...

团队构建的吸积盘-喷流协同进动模型成功重现了X射线与射电光变，并对系统几何、黑洞自旋及喷流速度进行了明确限制。这一现象或许普遍存在，以往 受限于观测模式而未被大量发现。但随着司天工程、爱因斯坦探针等对全天区开展深度、多波段、高频次长期监测，科研人员必将发现更多例子，促进人们 对黑洞吸积物理的更深理解。 （总台央视记者 帅俊全 褚尔嘉） △黑洞系统吸积盘与喷流协同进动的艺术想象图：空间X射线望远镜用于探测来自吸积盘内区的高能辐射，地基射电阵列则捕捉喷流产生的射电信号。 系统分析显示：在光学发现该TDE 215天后，X射线出现周期约19.6天、振幅超10倍的显著准周期性振荡；射电波段也呈现振幅超4倍的同步变化。这种跨波 段、强振幅、准周期的同步变化，强烈暗示吸积盘与喷流之间存在刚性连接，像陀螺一样围绕黑洞自转轴进动。吸积盘-喷流协同进动的物理机制很可能源 自"兰斯-蒂林（Lense-Thirring）效应"，即旋转的黑洞会拖动周围时空，导致倾斜的吸积盘及与之垂直的喷流产生进动。尽管理论与模拟早已预言这一现 象，但获得清晰观测证据极具挑战。该科研工作是首次在黑洞系统中清晰地观测到吸积盘-喷流协同进动。在爆发初期察觉 ...

Core Insights - Researchers from Caltech and other institutions have observed the brightest black hole eruption known to date, with peak brightness exceeding 10 trillion times that of the Sun [1][2] - The event is believed to be caused by a star with a mass over 30 times that of the Sun being torn apart and consumed by a supermassive black hole [1][2] Group 1 - The eruption was first detected in 2018 by the Zwicky Transient Facility and the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey, but its significance as a supermassive black hole eruption was not initially recognized [1] - The brightness of the celestial body increased approximately 40 times within months of its discovery, remaining exceptionally bright until 2023, indicating an unusual energy release process [1] - The event is located about 10 billion light-years away, and researchers utilized the Keck Observatory in Hawaii for further observations [1] Group 2 - The black hole responsible for the event is situated in an active galactic nucleus, which is a highly energetic astrophysical system formed by a supermassive black hole consuming surrounding material [2] - The scale of this super eruption allowed it to be identified despite the potential masking effects of the active galactic nucleus's own flaring activity [2] - Ongoing observations will focus on whether the brightness of the star will gradually dim or if it will erupt again after interacting with surrounding gas and dust [2]

Core Insights - An international research team led by Tel Aviv University has observed a star surviving a tidal disruption event caused by a supermassive black hole, returning to the vicinity of the black hole approximately two years later, marking a rare phenomenon [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The study published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters indicates that nearly every large galaxy's center contains a supermassive black hole with a mass ranging from millions to billions of times that of the Sun [1] - Tidal disruption events occur when a star wanders close to a black hole, resulting in the star being torn apart and producing a bright flare, providing a brief observational window for scientists [1] - The researchers observed a flare named "AT 2022dbl" in 2022 and captured a nearly identical flare in the same location two years later, confirming that the star was not completely consumed by the black hole [1] Group 2: Future Observations - The research team plans to observe whether a third flare will occur in early 2026, which would support the hypothesis that the second flare also resulted from partial disruption of the star [2] - If a third flare is not observed, it may indicate that the second flare signifies the complete disruption of the star [2]