Core Insights - China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) announced that the total length of China's subsea oil and gas pipelines has surpassed 10,000 kilometers, positioning the country among the world's leaders in this field, marking a significant milestone in marine oil and gas resource development and enhancing national energy security [1] Group 1: Pipeline Infrastructure - The 10,000 kilometers of subsea pipelines is nearly twice the straight-line distance from the south to the north of China, showcasing the extensive reach of the infrastructure [1] - The pipeline specifications cover a full range from 2 inches to 48 inches, including single-layer and double-layer pipes, aligning with international mainstream types [1] - CNOOC's pipeline laying technology and equipment capabilities have reached international advanced levels, leading in aspects such as the completeness of the equipment technology system [1] Group 2: Engineering Challenges - Subsea pipelines are critical for offshore oil and gas transportation, often referred to as the "lifeline" of marine oil and gas production systems, facing complex underwater terrains and extreme environmental conditions [1] - At depths of 1,500 meters, pipelines must withstand pressures of 150 atmospheres, equivalent to the weight of 1.5 family cars concentrated on an A4 sheet of paper [1] - China is one of the countries with the most complex marine conditions, which imposes higher technical requirements for subsea pipeline engineering [1] Group 3: Technological Advancements - CNOOC has overcome technical challenges related to subsea pipeline design and installation in harsh marine conditions, establishing a complete technical system for subsea pipeline engineering that includes design, construction, and installation [2] - Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, CNOOC has significantly enhanced its pipeline laying capabilities, laying over 1,500 kilometers of subsea pipelines, with a maximum operational depth of 1,542 meters, marking a historic transition from shallow to ultra-deep water [2] - The company has developed a range of specialized vessels and equipment, including the first domestic 3,000-meter ultra-deepwater lifting and laying vessel, "Ocean Oil 201," which has driven the independent and comprehensive upgrade of China's subsea pipeline construction [2] Group 4: Global Projects - In recent years, CNOOC has undertaken over 10 projects in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, laying more than 500 kilometers of subsea pipelines and setting multiple industry records for the largest and heaviest subsea pipes [3]