Core Insights - The research focuses on Jezero Crater on Mars, which was once a lake, and aims to uncover clues about ancient Martian life [1] - NASA's Perseverance rover has confirmed the presence of a delta formed by a river, indicating a history of water flow in the area [1] - A study published in Nature highlights the discovery of a rock formation called "Bright Angels," which contains minerals that may serve as potential biosignatures [1][2] Group 1 - The minerals found in the "Bright Angels" formation are rich in iron phosphate and iron sulfide, and their distribution aligns closely with organic carbon, suggesting a possible link to past biological activity [1][2] - These minerals formed in a low-temperature environment post-sedimentation, indicating they were likely created through chemical reactions involving water rather than volcanic activity [2] - The coexistence of iron phosphate and organic carbon is often associated with microbial metabolism on Earth, hinting at the potential for past life on Mars [2] Group 2 - Scientists remain cautious, considering that the minerals could also be products of purely chemical reactions, necessitating further investigation into both biological and non-biological origins [2] - Perseverance has collected multiple core samples from the area, which are sealed in titanium tubes for future analysis on Earth, where advanced laboratory techniques may reveal more definitive evidence of life [2] - The findings raise profound questions about the nature of life in the universe, pondering whether it is a mere chemical accident or an inevitable occurrence [2]

Sanjeev Gupta等人为此题材撰写的论文周三（9月10日）登上了《自然》期刊， 而最吸引科学家们的是样本上的"豹斑"，拥有深色的边缘 和浅色的中心。据悉，这是铁磷化物和铁硫化物的特征。 图：耶泽罗撞击坑岩层上的"豹斑" 科学家们称，这有可能代表着岩石里的铁元素经历了"氧化还原"，一种在地球上由微生物完成的化学反应。他们还补充道，样本的"质地、 化学和矿物特征"和内部的有机碳物质"值得考虑"生命存在的可能。 作为地球最近的"邻居"，火星上是否存在生命这个问题被科学家们争论了几十年。昨日，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的最新发现或许代表着我们 距离真正答案又近了一步。 在火星耶泽罗撞击坑中，NASA"毅力号"火星车发现了有机碳与含铁化合物共生的样本，地球上相似的化学结构被视为有生命存在的证据。 科学家们希望能将该样本从火星带回地球进行研究。 英国帝国理工学院的行星科学家Sanjeev Gupta说道："这种样本我们从未见过，它直接提出了问题——火星上存在生命吗？我们需要地球 上更完善的实验设施才能回答这个问题。" NASA局长肖恩·达菲于新闻发布会上表示："这或许是我们在火星上发现的生命证据中，最明显的一 ...