炼油工业发展

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石油和化学工业开拓者徐今强的峥嵘岁月
Zhong Guo Hua Gong Bao· 2025-08-15 01:29
Core Points - Xu Jinqiang is recognized as a pioneer in China's petroleum and chemical industries, contributing significantly to the victory in the Anti-Japanese War and the establishment of the new China [1][7][19] Group 1: Contributions during the Anti-Japanese War - Xu Jinqiang joined the New Fourth Army in 1938 and played a crucial role in procuring military supplies, including disguising electronic tubes to transport them safely to the anti-Japanese base [3][6] - He facilitated the delivery of over 100 talents to the anti-Japanese base, significantly enhancing the capabilities of the New Fourth Army [6] Group 2: Establishment of New China's Petroleum Industry - After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Xu was appointed to lead the takeover of the China Petroleum Company in Shanghai, where he identified the urgent need for domestic oil production [7][8] - He oversaw the construction of the Shanghai Refinery, which was the first refinery built after the founding of the PRC, with a processing capacity of 10,000 tons of crude oil annually [8][11] Group 3: Development of the Daqing Oilfield - Xu was appointed as the deputy minister of the Ministry of Petroleum and the commander of the Daqing oilfield campaign, which resulted in the establishment of one of the world's largest oil fields [15][18] - Under his leadership, the Daqing oilfield's crude oil production increased significantly, reaching 1,060,000 tons in 1966 [18] Group 4: Leadership in Chemical Industry - Xu served as the acting minister of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, focusing on increasing fertilizer production to meet agricultural needs, leading to the establishment of over 1,500 small nitrogen fertilizer plants by 1979 [19][20] - He initiated the import of advanced technology for large-scale fertilizer production, resulting in the establishment of China's first self-designed large nitrogen fertilizer plant [21][22] Group 5: Innovations and Achievements - Xu promoted the development of synthetic materials and advanced chemical processes, significantly enhancing the production capabilities of the chemical industry in China [22][24] - His leadership in the chemical sector contributed to the successful launch of China's first artificial satellite and the development of various chemical products for national defense [24]