Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of air quality monitoring data as a reflection of the effectiveness of air pollution control measures, arguing that the pursuit of "good-looking" data should be a collective societal goal rather than a point of criticism [1][2][3] Group 1: Air Quality Monitoring - Monitoring data serves as a critical measure of air quality improvement, with PM2.5 levels dropping from over 500 micrograms per cubic meter a decade ago to below 30 micrograms per cubic meter last year [1] - The improvement in air quality is linked to the hard work and dedication of various stakeholders across the country, reinforcing the notion that "good-looking" data is a scientific reflection of progress [1] Group 2: Public Perception and Government Accountability - The emergence of skepticism regarding air quality measures is partly due to instances of data falsification and superficial efforts in some regions, which undermine public trust [2] - There is a need for the government to address these concerns and guide public understanding of the relationship between monitoring data and environmental quality [2] Group 3: Ongoing Challenges and Future Goals - Despite significant improvements, air quality in China remains at a medium-low level, with ongoing pollution from traditional industries contributing to adverse weather conditions [3] - The article stresses the necessity for continued efforts in pollution control to meet the ambitious targets set for the "14th Five-Year Plan," particularly the goal of essentially eliminating heavy pollution by 2025 [3]

Core Points - Jiangxi Province has implemented the "Regulations on the Management of Automatic Monitoring Data of Pollution Sources," which is the first provincial-level regulation in China targeting the management of automatic monitoring data for pollution sources [1][2] - The regulation aims to enhance the quality of automatic monitoring data and prevent data falsification through a comprehensive control system that includes strict management of equipment, traceable data, and severe penalties for violations [2] Group 1 - The regulation officially took effect on July 1 and includes 24 articles focusing on five main areas: defining the automatic monitoring system, implementing full-chain management, strengthening data application, emphasizing collaborative governance, and establishing legal responsibilities [1] - Jiangxi has established an automatic monitoring system covering over 2,400 key pollutant discharge units and more than 4,000 monitoring points, with data transmission expected to exceed 2.3 billion entries by 2024 [1][2] Group 2 - The regulation introduces penalties for four types of illegal activities related to the operation and maintenance of monitoring equipment, with fines up to 500,000 yuan, dual penalties for units and responsible individuals, a five-year ban from the industry, and potential revocation of qualifications [2] - The Jiangxi Provincial Ecological Environment Department emphasizes the importance of effectively implementing the regulation to enhance pollution source monitoring and contribute to national ecological civilization construction [2]

生态环境领域自动监测数据弄虚作假案件涉及面广、专业性强，线索难以及时发现、违法证据难固定、 涉刑事案件责任难认定，是困扰生态环境监管执法工作的三大难题。 自动监测数据造假手段多样且隐蔽，因此难以及时发现。有的通过堵塞采样口、稀释样品等方式干扰自 动监测设备正常运行，使监测数据偏离实际情况；有的利用软件漏洞或黑客技术，直接入侵监测系统篡 改数据；有的在数据采集和传输环节，通过加装数据模拟装置，按照预设的虚假数据进行输出；有的虚 假标记监测数据，将超标排放时段标记为设备维护、校准等特殊时段，以规避超标处罚，并且人为编造 监测数据的运行记录和台账，使虚假数据看起来"合法化"。造假者往往选择在监管执法部门非工作时 间、节假日或夜间进行作案，增加了发现和查处问题的难度。 现场取证时，违法证据收集与固定难度大。造假现场通常位于企业内部，企业会以各种理由阻挠执法人 员进入，或者在执法人员到达之前对现场进行破坏和清理，导致关键证据丢失。其中，电子证据获取尤 为困难。自动监测数据弄虚作假案件往往涉及大量电子证据，如监测设备的运行记录、数据传输日志、 操作软件的相关文件等。这些电子证据具有易删除、易篡改的特点，造假者如果采取加密 ...