Core Insights - In 2024, China's total investment in research and development (R&D) reached 36,326.8 billion yuan, marking an increase of 2,969.7 billion yuan or 8.9% from the previous year [2][3] - The R&D expenditure intensity, measured as a percentage of GDP, rose to 2.69%, up by 0.11 percentage points compared to the previous year [2][3] - Per capita R&D funding, calculated based on full-time R&D personnel, was 480,000 yuan, an increase of 19,000 yuan from the previous year [2] R&D Expenditure Overview - Total R&D expenditure in 2024 was 36,326.8 billion yuan, with a breakdown of 2,500.9 billion yuan for basic research (up 10.7%), 4,305.5 billion yuan for applied research (up 17.6%), and 29,520.4 billion yuan for experimental development (up 7.6%) [2][3] - The share of basic research funding increased to 6.88%, while applied research and experimental development accounted for 11.9% and 81.2%, respectively [2] Funding Sources - Enterprises contributed 28,211.6 billion yuan to R&D, a growth of 8.8%, while government research institutions provided 4,231.6 billion yuan (up 9.7%), and higher education institutions contributed 3,065.5 billion yuan (up 11.3%) [2][3] - The proportions of R&D funding from enterprises, government research institutions, and higher education institutions were 77.7%, 11.6%, and 8.4%, respectively [2] Sectoral Analysis - In high-tech manufacturing, R&D expenditure reached 7,668.9 billion yuan, reflecting a growth of 10.2%, with an R&D intensity of 3.35% [3] - Eight major industries in large-scale industrial enterprises invested over 100 billion yuan in R&D, accounting for 68.2% of total R&D expenditure in this sector [3] Regional Investment - Six provinces (or municipalities) invested over 200 billion yuan in R&D, including Guangdong (5,099.6 billion yuan), Jiangsu (4,597.5 billion yuan), and Beijing (3,278.4 billion yuan) [3] - Seven regions exceeded the national average in R&D intensity, with Beijing leading at 6.58% [3][8] Fiscal Science and Technology Expenditure - National fiscal expenditure on science and technology in 2024 was 12,629.2 billion yuan, an increase of 633.3 billion yuan or 5.3% from the previous year [4][5] - Central fiscal science and technology expenditure was 4,192.5 billion yuan, accounting for 33.2% of total fiscal expenditure in this area [4]