Core Viewpoint - Japan's labor shortage is prompting conservative lawmakers to consider comprehensive reforms to social welfare regulations related to "housewives," which have been in place for decades [1] Group 1: Labor Market Impact - The proposed legislation will require part-time workers to contribute to pension and health insurance plans, addressing a significant barrier for women to extend their working hours or advance their careers [1] - The current policy, introduced during Japan's economic boom in 1986, applies to "dependent" spouses with annual incomes below 1.3 million yen (approximately 9,028 USD) [1] Group 2: Historical Context - The social welfare measure was initially designed to encourage married women to spend more time at home, reflecting the societal norms of the time [1] - The reform is seen as a necessary step to adapt to changing economic conditions and labor market needs in Japan [1]