Core Viewpoint - The newly revised "Implementation Rules for Evaluation and Assessment of National Major Scientific Research Infrastructure and Large Scientific Instruments Open Sharing" aims to enhance the efficiency of national scientific research resources through systematic evaluation and assessment [3]. Group 1: Evaluation Criteria - The evaluation criteria include three primary indicators: organizational management, operational usage, and sharing services, along with nine secondary indicators [5]. - The assessment will focus on the completeness of the management system, the proportion of instruments included in the national network management platform (open rate), the professional development of the experimental technical team, and the level of online service platform [5]. - Operational usage will be evaluated based on the average effective working hours of the instruments per year, their maintenance status, and their support for major scientific tasks [6]. Group 2: Assessment Process and Results Application - The assessment will combine self-evaluation by the units and expert comprehensive evaluation, verified by objective data from the "National Network Management Platform," with on-site checks if necessary [7]. - The results will be categorized into four levels: excellent, good, qualified, and poor. Units rated as excellent or good will receive supplementary funding, while those rated as poor will face warnings or public criticism and will be required to rectify issues within a year [7]. - Notably, units that receive poor ratings for two consecutive assessments may have some of their instruments reallocated to other units by the competent authorities [7].