Group 1 - The film "Nanjing Photo Studio" has a Douban rating of 8.6, making it the most popular movie of the summer season, depicting the atrocities committed by Japanese soldiers during the Nanjing Massacre [1] - The film illustrates the brutal actions of the Japanese military, including murder, rape, and looting, providing a visceral experience for the audience [1] - The narrative raises questions about the difficulty of assigning blame and achieving justice for war crimes, as seen in both the Nanjing Massacre and the trials of Nazi war criminals [2][3] Group 2 - The Frankfurt Auschwitz trials from 1963 to 1965 aimed to confront the historical atrocities of the Holocaust, but they highlighted the challenges of achieving justice for mass murder [4][6] - The trials faced significant obstacles in holding individuals accountable for collective violence, as many defendants claimed they were merely following orders [9][10] - The outcomes of the trials were disappointing, with only a small number of perpetrators being convicted compared to the vast number involved in the atrocities [14][15] Group 3 - Compensation for victims of Nazi atrocities has been inadequate, with many survivors facing obstacles in receiving fair reparations [17][18] - The disparity in compensation reflects broader societal issues, including the reluctance of governments to acknowledge their responsibilities towards victims [19][20] - The establishment of the "Remembrance, Responsibility, and Future" foundation in the late 1990s aimed to address compensation but was criticized for its limited scope and effectiveness [26][29]