Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the advancements and potential of hydrogen and ammonia fuel technologies in the context of China's carbon neutrality goals, highlighting their role in transforming the energy structure and addressing renewable energy volatility [2][9]. Group 1: Policy and Industry Initiatives - The National Energy Administration has initiated pilot projects for hydrogen and ammonia fuel applications, particularly in coal and gas power generation, to facilitate the transition to low-carbon energy systems [2][8]. - The pilot schemes include specific scenarios for hydrogen and ammonia blending in gas turbines and coal boilers, aiming to promote low-carbon transformation in traditional thermal power [2][3]. Group 2: Technological Breakthroughs - Significant technological advancements have been made, such as the first zero-carbon ammonia combustion demonstration line by Mona Lisa Group, which eliminates carbon emissions in ceramic production [4]. - The successful launch of the world's first ammonia-fueled internal combustion engine ship, "Ammonia Hui," demonstrates the industrial application of ammonia fuel in shipping [4][5]. Group 3: Environmental Impact - The implementation of ammonia blending technology in coal-fired power plants can significantly reduce carbon emissions; for instance, a 600 MW coal unit can cut CO2 emissions by 183,700 tons annually with a 10% ammonia blend [5]. - If all 160 ceramic production lines in Foshan adopt the new ammonia technology, the annual reduction in emissions could reach 2.65 million tons [4]. Group 4: Challenges and Future Outlook - Despite the promising outlook, the large-scale application of hydrogen and ammonia fuels faces challenges, including technical issues related to combustion stability and efficiency, as well as high production and infrastructure costs [6][7]. - The article predicts that with policy support and technological advancements, hydrogen and ammonia fuels will transition from pilot projects to large-scale applications, with an expected production capacity of over 10 million tons per year by 2030 [8].