美索不达米亚沼泽

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中东世界遗产:伊甸园、 沼泽地
人民网-国际频道 原创稿· 2025-05-17 06:00
Core Insights - The Mesopotamian Marshes, located at the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in southern Iraq, are historically significant as they are part of the region that nurtured some of the world's oldest civilizations, including the ancient city of Ur, founded around 5500 BC [1][2] Group 1: Historical Significance - The Mesopotamian Marshes are believed by some archaeologists to be the location of the biblical Garden of Eden, as described in the Bible, surrounded by four rivers, two of which are the Euphrates and Tigris [2] - The marshes cover over 30,000 square kilometers and were home to hundreds of thousands of Marsh Arabs who relied on water buffalo, fishing, and rice cultivation for their livelihoods [2] Group 2: Environmental Changes - The area has experienced significant shrinkage in marshland over recent decades due to various factors, leading to a decrease in the population of people living in these wetlands [2] - The marshes consist of four parts that merge during the flood season, providing a rich ecosystem that has been affected by environmental changes [3] Group 3: Economic Transition - Local fishermen, like Khalid Jassim, have shifted their livelihoods from fishing to tourism due to the declining fish populations, now operating motorboats for guiding visitors [3] - The region is welcoming more tourists, especially during the cooler winter months, indicating a potential shift towards a tourism-based economy [3]