Core Insights - A research team from MIT has developed a new type of nano-delivery particle that significantly enhances the efficacy of mRNA vaccines, potentially reducing the cost of single-dose vaccines [1][2] - Animal trials indicate that the new nano-particle delivery system for mRNA influenza vaccines requires only 1% of the traditional vaccine dose to elicit an equivalent immune response in mice [1] - The new particles are not only applicable to influenza vaccines but also hold promise for the prevention of various infectious diseases, including COVID-19 and HIV [1] Group 1 - The new AMG1541 lipid nano-particle shows two main advantages: it significantly improves "endosomal release" efficiency, allowing for quicker release of mRNA once inside cells [1] - The design of the ester tail enables rapid degradation of the particles after fulfilling their purpose, which accelerates the clearance process in the body and reduces the risk of side effects [1] - The technology provides a new pathway for developing more precisely matched influenza vaccines for the circulating strains each year, as well as for combating major infectious diseases like HIV [2]