夏季的呼伦贝尔大草原。本报记者 余 健摄 呼伦贝尔蒙源农牧业集团有限公司草畜一体化基地。本报记者 余 健摄 内蒙古呼伦贝尔大草原是世界著名的天然牧场，也是我国北方重要的生态安全屏障。不过受传统放牧模式限 制、历史超载等因素影响，部分区域一度面临草场退化、生物多样性下降等生态压力。 鄂温克族自治旗农牧和科技局局长赵志明介绍，当地冬季传统饲喂方式就是把打好的草包、草捆直接放在地 上给牛吃。这些草料有部分被牛踩踏后，牛就不愿意吃了，造成不少的浪费。推广"长草短喂"新模式后，草 料经过机器揉丝等工序，原本30厘米至40厘米长的草变为2厘米至3厘米长的草料，饲喂时倒入料槽，避免浪 费。"近年来，我们通过杜绝过度放牧、推广草原短尾羊等改良品种及长草短喂、全混粮饲喂方式等举措，草 原过牧问题得到有效解决，草原上典型退化植物减少，生态恢复良好，生物多样性逐步提高。"赵志明说。 除了专业的饲草料加工企业，也有不少牧场开始升级圈舍和全混合日粮饲料相关设备。此前，陈巴尔虎旗呼 和诺尔镇阿茹贡家庭牧场建起了阳光棚和饲草搅拌库，置办了全套现代化养殖设备。利用棚圈养殖和全混合 日粮饲料搅拌技术，该牧场以"家庭牧场+舍饲半舍饲"发展模式， ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the historical significance and current development of the sheep farming industry in Yanchi County, Ningxia, emphasizing its evolution from a wartime necessity to a modern economic driver [1][2][3] Historical Context - During the period from 1938 to 1943, the military and civilians in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area transported 12.5 billion kilograms of salt from Yanchi County, which played a crucial role in breaking the economic blockade and supporting the anti-Japanese war effort [2] - The development of animal husbandry, particularly sheep farming, was significant during the anti-Japanese war, with the number of sheep increasing from 48,000 in 1936 to 157,000 by 1945 [2] Current Industry Development - The sheep farming industry in Yanchi County has modernized, with approximately 8,400 households engaged in sheep farming, a total sheep population of 3.3 million, and an output of 1.95 million sheep for slaughter in 2024 [3] - The introduction of innovative feeding practices, including the use of compound feed and traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, has improved the quality of sheep meat [3] - The establishment of a cold chain logistics system has reduced transportation costs by 30%, facilitating the distribution of sheep meat and products to major cities [3]