国庆、中秋假期，人员流动与聚集、境内游和出境游明显增多。国家疾病预防控制局日前作出健康防护 提示：假期出行时应注意预防诺如病毒感染、登革热、基孔肯雅热、霍乱、新冠病毒感染、猴痘、食物 中毒等。 节假日期间聚餐和在外就餐机会增加，食物中毒风险也相应增加。外出就餐应选择证照齐全、卫生条件 好的餐饮单位。家庭烹饪时要保持烹饪区域清洁，处理食物前后勤洗手，准备食物时生熟分开，烹饪菜 肴要烧熟煮透。不采食不明野生蘑菇和野菜。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年10月02日 02 版） (责编：白宇、卫嘉) 霍乱为肠道传染病，主要通过摄入含有霍乱弧菌的水和食物传播，主要临床症状为不伴发热的严重水样 腹泻，可导致快速脱水。霍乱的主要预防措施包括注意饮食和饮水卫生，尽量吃熟食，不吃生的或未完 全煮熟的肉类、海鲜和蔬菜，食用水果前需彻底清洗，饮用水应选择开水或未开封的预包装水和饮料。 新型冠状病毒感染发病后，主要症状包括咽干、咽痛、咳嗽和发热等，部分患者可伴有肌肉酸痛、嗅觉 味觉减退或丧失、鼻塞、流涕、腹泻、结膜炎等。老年人和免疫功能低下者感染后转为重症的风险相对 较高。主要预防措施包括保持良好的卫生习惯，咳嗽或打喷嚏时，用纸巾、 ...

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of mosquito control during the summer season, particularly in Nanjing, where the risk of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue fever and chikungunya is heightened due to high temperatures and rainfall [3][4]. - It advocates for raising awareness about the transmission and symptoms of mosquito-borne diseases among family, neighbors, and colleagues, especially targeting vulnerable groups such as the elderly, children, and pregnant women [4][5]. - The article suggests that households should conduct sanitation clean-ups every 5-7 days to eliminate potential mosquito breeding sites, ensuring that all areas, including courtyards and kitchens, are kept clean and dry [5][6]. Group 2 - It encourages communities and organizations to designate specific times each week for collective environmental sanitation efforts, focusing on the removal of garbage and debris that can serve as mosquito habitats [6][7]. - Personal protective measures are recommended, such as installing screens on windows and doors, using insecticides, and wearing light-colored long-sleeved clothing during outdoor activities to minimize mosquito bites [7][8]. - The article stresses the importance of health monitoring, advising individuals to seek medical attention promptly if they experience symptoms like fever or rash after traveling, and to inform healthcare providers of their travel history [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of mosquito control and prevention of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever and chikungunya during the summer season in Nanjing, urging citizens to adopt preventive measures to protect their health and maintain a healthy community environment [2][13]. Group 1: Strengthening Awareness and Creating a Healthy Environment - Citizens are encouraged to understand the transmission routes and dangers of mosquito-borne diseases, as well as the symptoms of common diseases like dengue and chikungunya, to enhance self-protection awareness [2][14]. - It is advised to educate family, neighbors, and colleagues about mosquito prevention, particularly targeting vulnerable groups such as the elderly, children, and pregnant women [3][14]. - Community members should report any standing water issues in public areas like markets and construction sites to relevant authorities for timely resolution [4][14]. Group 2: Eliminating Breeding Grounds - Households are recommended to conduct sanitation clean-ups every 5-7 days, covering all areas including yards, balconies, and kitchens, to eliminate potential mosquito breeding sites [5][6]. - Communities and organizations should designate specific times weekly for collective environmental sanitation efforts to clear public spaces of waste and debris [5]. - Citizens are encouraged to regularly check and clean indoor containers that can hold water to prevent stagnant water accumulation [6]. Group 3: Personal Protection Measures - It is suggested to install screens on windows and doors to effectively block mosquitoes at home, and to use insecticides and mosquito-repelling products when necessary [7]. - During outdoor activities, wearing light-colored long-sleeved clothing and avoiding peak mosquito activity times is recommended, along with carrying and using repellents as directed [8]. Group 4: Health Monitoring and Early Medical Attention - Travelers are advised to check health advisories for their destinations to be aware of any outbreaks or risks of chikungunya [9]. - Upon returning to Nanjing, individuals experiencing symptoms like fever or rash should seek medical attention promptly and inform healthcare providers of their travel history [10].

Core Points - Chikungunya fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the Chikungunya virus, primarily transmitted through bites from infected Aedes mosquitoes, with no direct human-to-human transmission reported [1] Transmission - The transmission route of Chikungunya fever is similar to that of dengue fever, primarily through bites from infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly the Aedes albopictus, which is widely distributed in urban and rural areas [4] - Aedes mosquitoes typically bite during the day, with peak activity occurring 1-2 hours before sunrise and 2-3 hours before sunset [4] - The virus can survive in mosquitoes for an extended period after they bite an infected person or animal, with a replication period of 2 to 10 days before it reaches the salivary glands [4] Geographic Distribution - Chikungunya fever is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, with local transmission cases reported in 119 countries and regions globally, particularly active in Southeast Asia, South Asia, Africa, and parts of the Americas [5] - Recent local transmission cases have been reported in Guangdong Province, China, following imported cases [5] Clinical Symptoms - The incubation period for Chikungunya fever ranges from 1 to 12 days, with most cases occurring between 3 to 7 days [6] - Symptoms include sudden high fever (≥39°C), severe joint pain (especially in the wrists), and a rash that typically appears 2-3 days after fever onset [6] - The overall duration of the illness is usually 5 to 7 days, with most patients recovering within a week, although joint pain may persist in some cases [6] Prevention Measures - Effective prevention includes mosquito control measures, such as avoiding areas with high mosquito activity, using mosquito nets, and installing screens on windows and doors [8] - Eliminating breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes by removing standing water and using insecticides in areas where water cannot be removed is crucial [9] - Personal protective measures include wearing light-colored long-sleeved clothing, avoiding mosquito breeding areas, and using repellents [10] - Travelers are advised to monitor health for 14 days after returning from areas with Chikungunya outbreaks and to seek medical attention if symptoms arise [12]