核心阅读 暑期是户外游玩、探索自然的好时机，许多家长带着孩子奔向山野溪涧，在大自然中收获成长。然而， 面对复杂多变的户外环境，安全这门"必修课"也要上好。做好充分的行前应急准备、掌握正确的自救求 救常识，才能让快乐与安心同行。 暑假期间，不少家长选择带孩子到户外游玩。然而，户外环境复杂多变，潜藏着一些风险隐患。亲子户 外游玩要做好哪些准备？如何正确应对伤病？遇到危险如何自救、求救？ 备好野外生存应急物品 暑假期间，如果家长带着孩子前往高山、草原、沙漠等地旅行，出发前要做哪些准备？ 前不久，内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市新城区的张先生带着10岁的儿子，前往包头市九峰山景区徒步。由于 对目的地缺乏了解，在导航的错误指引下，父子俩意外进入一座野山。山里雾气大，手机信号中断，两 人很快便迷失方向。辗转近3个小时后，遇到了巡逻民警，两人才顺利出山。 携带药箱处置伤病情况 户外出行时还需注意疾病预防。7月中旬，鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗的包女士一家三口从草原游玩回来后，孩 子突然出现发热、皮肤局部红肿的症状，就诊后确认是蜱虫叮咬导致的发热伴血小板减少综合征，病情 危险，经抗生素等药物治疗一周后才痊愈。 "蜱虫常栖息于植被茂密的地方，能够传 ...

Core Points - Chikungunya fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the Chikungunya virus, primarily transmitted through bites from infected Aedes mosquitoes, with no direct human-to-human transmission reported [1] Transmission - The transmission route of Chikungunya fever is similar to that of dengue fever, primarily through bites from infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly the Aedes albopictus, which is widely distributed in urban and rural areas [4] - Aedes mosquitoes typically bite during the day, with peak activity occurring 1-2 hours before sunrise and 2-3 hours before sunset [4] - The virus can survive in mosquitoes for an extended period after they bite an infected person or animal, with a replication period of 2 to 10 days before it reaches the salivary glands [4] Geographic Distribution - Chikungunya fever is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, with local transmission cases reported in 119 countries and regions globally, particularly active in Southeast Asia, South Asia, Africa, and parts of the Americas [5] - Recent local transmission cases have been reported in Guangdong Province, China, following imported cases [5] Clinical Symptoms - The incubation period for Chikungunya fever ranges from 1 to 12 days, with most cases occurring between 3 to 7 days [6] - Symptoms include sudden high fever (≥39°C), severe joint pain (especially in the wrists), and a rash that typically appears 2-3 days after fever onset [6] - The overall duration of the illness is usually 5 to 7 days, with most patients recovering within a week, although joint pain may persist in some cases [6] Prevention Measures - Effective prevention includes mosquito control measures, such as avoiding areas with high mosquito activity, using mosquito nets, and installing screens on windows and doors [8] - Eliminating breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes by removing standing water and using insecticides in areas where water cannot be removed is crucial [9] - Personal protective measures include wearing light-colored long-sleeved clothing, avoiding mosquito breeding areas, and using repellents [10] - Travelers are advised to monitor health for 14 days after returning from areas with Chikungunya outbreaks and to seek medical attention if symptoms arise [12]

Group 1: Core Insights - The article emphasizes the need to pay attention to various infectious diseases, including COVID-19, hand-foot-mouth disease, fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, dengue fever, avian influenza, and monkeypox, as well as food poisoning and heatstroke, by June 2025 [1] Group 2: COVID-19 - Common symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, dry throat, sore throat, cough, and may also involve muscle pain, loss of smell or taste, nasal congestion, runny nose, diarrhea, and conjunctivitis [2] - High-risk groups for severe illness include the elderly and those with weakened immune systems [2] Group 3: Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease - Hand-foot-mouth disease is a common acute infectious disease in children under 5, caused by various enteroviruses, with peak incidence in April to July and September to November [5] - Preventive measures include maintaining good hygiene, regular cleaning and disinfection of toys and frequently touched items, and vaccination against EV-A71 [6][7] Group 4: Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome - This syndrome is an acute infectious disease transmitted by tick bites, characterized by fever and reduced platelet and white blood cell counts, with a peak incidence from May to July [8] - Preventive measures include avoiding tick bites and using protective clothing and repellents [9] Group 5: Dengue Fever - Dengue fever is a viral disease transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes, prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, with local transmission peaks occurring from June to October [10][11] - Preventive measures focus on avoiding mosquito bites and maintaining cleanliness to eliminate standing water [12] Group 6: Avian Influenza - Avian influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by avian influenza viruses, with symptoms including fever, cough, and muscle pain [13] - Preventive measures include avoiding contact with sick birds and maintaining good food hygiene [14] Group 7: Monkeypox - Monkeypox is an acute infectious disease characterized by fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy, primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals [15] - Preventive measures include maintaining good hygiene and avoiding close contact with suspected cases [16] Group 8: Food Poisoning - The risk of food poisoning increases with rising temperatures, particularly from May to October, with symptoms appearing shortly after eating contaminated food [17] - Preventive measures include handwashing, choosing safe food sources, and avoiding undercooked or contaminated food [18][19][20][21] Group 9: Heatstroke - The risk of heatstroke rises during high-temperature weather, with symptoms ranging from mild (headache, dizziness) to severe (organ dysfunction) [22] - Preventive measures include monitoring weather forecasts, scheduling outdoor activities wisely, and staying hydrated [23][24][25]