Core Viewpoint - The establishment of China's first interstellar flicker monitoring telescope, known as the "Grassland Eye," marks a significant advancement in the country's capabilities for ground-based observation of interstellar flickering, enhancing its position in global space weather research [1][3]. Group 1: Telescope Overview - The interstellar flicker monitoring telescope is a major piece of equipment under the national infrastructure project "Meridian Project Phase II," with its detection sensitivity at an internationally leading level [1][3]. - The telescope consists of a main station and two auxiliary stations, forming an equilateral triangle layout, with each station approximately 200 kilometers apart [2][3]. Group 2: Purpose and Functionality - The primary purpose of monitoring interstellar flickering is to conduct space weather research and disaster forecasting, as solar activities can lead to significant disturbances affecting Earth [3][5]. - The telescope can capture radio signals from cosmic sources that are disrupted by solar wind, allowing for the monitoring of solar storms and their potential impacts on satellites, communication, navigation, and power grids [5][6]. Group 3: Technical Innovations - The main station features three rows of parabolic antennas, each measuring 140 meters in length and 40 meters in width, making it the largest parabolic radio telescope in China [6][7]. - Key technological breakthroughs include high-precision synchronization control and a digital multi-beam receiving system, which have been fully domestically developed [6][7]. Group 4: Performance and Impact - The "Grassland Eye" can simultaneously receive signals from multiple directions, with a detection sensitivity capable of capturing cosmic radio signals weaker than mobile phone signals by a factor of 10 billion [6][7]. - Since its operation, the telescope has demonstrated exceptional performance, successfully recording significant solar storm events and contributing valuable data for space weather forecasting [7].

Core Insights - The article discusses the establishment of China's first interplanetary scintillation monitoring telescope, referred to as the "Grassland Eye," which is part of the national major infrastructure project "Meridian Project Phase II" and is positioned to enhance China's capabilities in space weather monitoring [1][3]. Group 1: Telescope Overview - The telescope is located in Inner Mongolia and is recognized for its international leading sensitivity in detecting interplanetary scintillation [1]. - It consists of a main station and two auxiliary stations, forming an equilateral triangle with a distance of approximately 200 kilometers between each station [2]. Group 2: Purpose and Importance - The primary purpose of the telescope is to conduct space weather research and disaster forecasting, particularly in relation to solar activities that can lead to significant disruptions on Earth [3]. - Monitoring interplanetary scintillation is crucial for understanding solar wind dynamics and predicting solar storms, which can have severe impacts on satellites, communication systems, and power grids [3]. Group 3: Technical Specifications - The main station features three rows of parabolic antennas, each measuring 140 meters in length and 40 meters in width, making it the largest parabolic radio telescope in China [4]. - Each row contains 600 signal receiving units that capture cosmic radio signals for data analysis [4]. Group 4: Technological Advancements - The telescope has achieved breakthroughs in key technologies such as high-precision synchronization control and digital multi-beam reception, significantly enhancing its observational capabilities [5][6]. - It employs a unique "one main, two auxiliary" collaborative observation system, allowing for wide-area monitoring and focused observations of active solar events [6]. Group 5: Performance and Impact - The "Grassland Eye" can simultaneously receive signals from multiple directions and has a detection sensitivity capable of capturing cosmic radio signals that are one billion times weaker than mobile phone signals [6]. - Since its operation, the telescope has demonstrated exceptional performance, successfully recording significant solar storm events and contributing valuable data for space weather forecasting [7].