Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the economic motivations, effects, and forms of capital mobility in international business, emphasizing the significance of capital as a key factor in modern production and its international movement as crucial for resource reallocation and economic development [2][3]. Group 1: Economic Motivations for Capital Mobility - Capital mobility can take two main forms: international direct investment and international indirect investment [4]. - The economic motivations for international direct investment include profit orientation, labor orientation, natural resource orientation, market orientation, technology orientation, risk diversification, management and information orientation, and global strategic orientation [5][10][11][12][13][14]. - International indirect investment motivations include seeking interest or dividends, risk reduction, evading regulations, increasing exports, and fostering international cooperation [15][16][20][21][22]. Group 2: Economic Effects of Capital Mobility - The internationalization of capital enhances capital utilization efficiency, promotes global production, and increases national production values, contributing to overall economic growth [24]. - Capital exporting countries benefit from finding outlets for surplus capital, earning profits and interest, and increasing their international political and economic influence [25][30]. - Capital importing countries can alleviate funding shortages, create jobs, increase tax revenues, and improve industrial structures through foreign investment [32][34][35]. Group 3: Forms of Capital Mobility - Capital mobility occurs through international direct investment, which includes joint ventures and cooperative enterprises, and international indirect investment, which involves purchasing bonds, stocks, and providing loans [38][56]. - Joint ventures involve shared ownership and management, while cooperative enterprises may not require equity calculations and can take various legal forms [39][42]. - Independent enterprises are fully foreign-owned and operate under the host country's laws, while acquisitions of existing companies are a common method of direct investment [46][51].